국가전략정보포털

Title page

Contents

Highlights 2

Letter 6

Background 9

Growth of the Commercial Satellite Industry 9

IC and DOD Component Roles Relating to Commercial Remote Sensing Capabilities 10

IC and DOD Have Not Clarified Roles and Responsibilities for Commercial Satellite Imagery 11

The IC's Approach to Commercial Imagery Has Limited Ability to Incorporate Emerging Capabilities 14

The IC Approach for Commercial Imagery Is Focused on Foundational Needs 15

The IC and DOD Use of Emerging Capabilities Has Been Limited 16

The IC and DOD Have Not Developed Key Performance Goals and Measures to Maximize Commercial Use 21

The IC and DOD Face Challenges Coordinating on Commercial Analytic Services 25

Conclusions 28

Recommendations for Executive Action 28

Agency Comments and Our Evaluation 29

Appendix I: End-User License Agreements for Commercial Imagery 33

Appendix II: Objectives, Scope, and Methodology 34

Appendix III: Timeline of Events 39

Appendix IV: IC and DOD Approaches to Emerging Satellite Capabilities 40

Appendix V: Comments from the Department of Defense 41

Appendix VI: GAO Contact and Staff Acknowledgments 43

Related GAO Products 44

Table 1. IC and DOD Roles Relating to Commercial Remote Sensing Capabilities 10

Table 2. Selected Approaches for IC and DOD Exploring Emerging Satellite Capabilities 18

Table 3. IC and DOD Documents without Specific Performance Goals or Measures to Maximize Commercial Imagery 23

Table 4. Types of End-User License Agreements for Sharing of Commercial Imagery 33

Table 5. Selected Approaches Used by the IC and DOD in Exploring Emerging Satellite Capabilities 40

Figure 1. Commercial Satellite Image of Russian Military Convoy Outside Kyiv, 2022 7

Figure 2. IC's and DOD's 5-Year Process Used to Develop Commercial Requirements 16

Figure 3. Events in the Transition of Responsibility for Commercial Satellite Imagery from NGA to NRO 39