목차
Contents Overview 5
1 Background 7
1.1 UK Government public policy developments 8
2 How can AI be used? 10
3 How does AI work? 12
3.1 What is machine learning and how does it work? 12
3.2 What are Foundation Models and how are they developed and deployed? 13
4 Factors driving advances in AI 16
4.1 Volume and quality of data 16 4.2 Increasing computing power 16
4.3 Computing infrastructure investments 18
4.4 New uses of algorithms 18
5 What is AI capable of? 19
5.1 Interpreting, processing and generating language 19
5.2 Computer vision 19
5.3 AI use in robotics 19
6 Concerns 21
6.1 Data sources and management 21
6.2 Impact on the environment 21
6.3 Supply of computing hardware 22
6.4 Inaccurate results (hallucinations) 22
6.5 Deepfakes, misinformation, disinformation and AI watermarks 23
6.6 A lack of transparency 24
6.7 Implications for the economy 24
6.8 Lack of skills in the UK 24
6.9 Concerns around employment conditions for outsourced workers 25
7 Perceptions of AI 26
7.1 Public perceptions of AI applications 26
7.2 Perceptions on future forms of AI 27
Appendix: Definitions of common terms 28
References and Contributors 32
