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AMRO Annual Consultation Report : Korea - 2023
(2023년 한국 연례협의 보고서)

□ 아세안+3 거시경제조사기구(AMRO*)에서 4월 25일 「2023년 한국 연례협의 보고서」를 발표하고, 한국 경제는 수출 회복에 힘입어 개선되었으며 인플레이션은 목표치 수준으로 하향 조정될 것으로 예상된다고 밝혔음. AMRO는 경제 전망이 여전히 매우 불확실한 만큼, 당국은 경제 및 금융 안정을 유지하기 위해 통화 및 재정정책 기조를 재조정하는 한편 성장세 회복을 위한 노력을 지속해야 한다고 권고함

* ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office: 아세안+3 경제동향을 분석·점검하고, 회원국 경제·금융안정을 지원하는 국제기구로, 2011년 싱가포르에 설립

□ 「2023년 한국 연례협의 보고서」 주요 내용

➢ 한국 경제의 위험 요인과 취약점
ㅇ 단기요인
- 미국, 유럽연합의 경기 둔화가 예상보다 급격히 진행될 가능성, 중국의 경제 회복세가 약화될 가능성
- 국내 프로젝트 금융시장의 재정적 어려움 발생 및 더 광범위한 금융 시스템으로의 확산 우려

ㅇ 중기요인
- 지정학적 긴장 고조로 제조업 활동에 차질이 빚어지며 투자 심리 약화될 것
- 가계 부채가 민간 소비에 부담을 주고, 금융 불안 및 채무 불이행 위험이 신용등급, 소득 및 자산이 낮은 가구에 집중될 것

ㅇ 장기요인
- 최근 몇 년간 정부 부채가 급증하면서 재정의 지속가능성에 대한 우려 상승
- 인구구조 악화가 경제 잠재력을 지속적으로 저해할 것

➢ 정책 권고
ㅇ 목표 수준 달성을 위한 물가상승률 둔화의 징후가 뚜렷하게 나타날 때까지 제약적인 통화정책 기조 유지
ㅇ 금융 안정성을 지키기 위한 중소기업 맞춤형 지원, 가계부채 억제를 위한 추가 정책 도입 등 고려
ㅇ 장기적인 성장을 위해 혁신, 인적 자원 개발, 공급망 회복력 강화 지속 추진
ㅇ 인구구조 악화 추세를 고려하여 생산성을 향상하기 위한 포괄적·적극적 정책 수립 및 공적 연금 개혁 필요
ㅇ 탄소중립을 달성하기 위한 재정 지원 확대

[출처]
아세안+3 거시경제조사기구(AMRO), 2023년 한국 연례협의보고서 발표 (2024.04.25.) / 기획재정부
AMRO “한국 올해 2.3% 성장…통화긴축 유지 권고” (2024.04.25.) / 연합뉴스

목차

Acknowledgments  1
Executive Summary  3

A Recent Developments and Outlook  5
A1 Real Sector Developments and Outlook  5
A2 External Sector  7
A3 Monetary Conditions and the Financial Sector 8
A4 Fiscal Sector 12

B Risks, Vulnerabilities and Challenges  14
B1 Near-term Risks to Economic Outlook  14
B2 Medium-term Challenges and Vulnerabilities 16

C Policy Discussions and Recommendations  18
C1 Calibrating Monetary Policy in a Volatile Environment  18
C2 Safeguarding Financial Stability amid High Interest Rates  20
C3 Ensuring Fiscal Sustainability 21
C4 Addressing Structural Issues to Revive Long-term Growth  24
Box A Further Developing Green Bond Financing 25

Appendices 27
Appendix 1 Selected Figures for Major Economic Indicators  27
Appendix 2 Selected Economic Indicators for Korea 31
Appendix 3 Balance of Payments  32
Appendix 4 Statement of Government Operations  33
Appendix 5 Debt Sustainability Analysis 34
Appendix 6 Data Adequacy for Surveillance Purposes: Preliminary Assessment  36

Annexes: Selected Issues 37
1 Affordability and Determinants of Korean Housing Prices 37
2 Korea’s Semiconductor Industry: Enhancing Resilience and Preparing for the Future  43
3 Assessing the Impact of Interest Rate Changes on Consumption in Korea: The Role of Liquidity Constraints and Indebtedness  51
4 Policy Considerations for Public Pension Reforms in Korea 58

해시태그

#한국경제 #경제전망 #경제정책 #GDP #경제성장률

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AMRO Annual Consultation Report : Korea - 2023

(2023년 한국 연례협의 보고서)