목차
Title page 1
Contents 3
Foreword 6
Acknowledgments 8
Abbreviations 9
Key Findings 11
Global Gas Flaring in 2024 18
Spotlight Countries 23
Nigeria 23
United States 24
Mexico 30
Algeria 31
Imported Flare Gas Index 33
Long-term global retrospective from 2012 to 2024 36
Increase of global gas flaring 36
Countries endorsing the Zero Routine Flaring by 2030 Initiative 40
Persistent challenges and demonstrated solutions 43
Concluding Remarks 51
Appendix A: Methodology for satellite-based flare volume estimation 55
Figures 4
Figure 1. Global gas flaring and oil production: 1996 to 2024 (flaring only at upstream oil and gas and LNG liquefaction plants) 11
Figure 2. Global gas flaring and flaring intensity at upstream oil and gas facilities, 2012-2024 12
Figure 3. Changes in gas flare volumes and flare intensity for countries that have committed to the Zero Routine Flaring by 2030 (ZRF) initiative and other countries, 2012-2024 13
Figure 4. Flare volumes in the top 30 flaring countries for 2020-2024, in order of 2024 flare volume with the top nine countries indicated 14
Figure 5. Countries and regions covered in the 'Persistent challenges and demonstrated solutions' section of this report 17
Figure 6. Global gas flare volume and flaring intensity at upstream oil and gas facilities, 1996-2024 19
Figure 7. Flare volumes in the top 30 flaring countries (in order of 2024 flare volume) 20
Figure 8. Flaring intensity of the top 30 flaring countries, 2020-2024 (in order of 2024 flare volume) 20
Figure 9. Change in flare volume across countries where it was significant, and rest of world, 2023-2024 22
Figure 10. Flare volume and flaring intensity in Nigeria, 2020-2024 23
Figure 11. Flare volume and flaring intensity in the United States, 2020-2024 24
Figure 12. Flare volumes in the Permian, Eagle Ford, and Bakken basins, and the rest of the United States 25
Figure 13. Flaring intensity in the Permian, Eagle Ford, and Bakken basins, and the rest of the United State 25
Figure 14. Monthly flare volumes and flaring intensities in the Bakken basin 26
Figure 15. Monthly flare volumes and flaring intensities in the Permian basin 27
Figure 16. Flare volume and flaring intensity in Mexico, 2020-2024 30
Figure 17. Flare volume and flaring intensity in Algeria, 2020-2024 31
Figure 18. Imported Flare Gas Index of UNFCCC Annex 1 countries with a breakdown of countries of origin 33
Figure 19. IFG Index versus volume of crude oil imports in countries importing more than 200 thousand bbl/d 34
Figure 20. Global gas flare volume and flaring intensity at upstream oil and gas facilities, 2012-2024 37
Figure 21. Changes in gas flare volume at upstream oil and gas facilities, 2012-2024 38
Figure 22. Changes in gas flaring intensity at upstream oil and gas facilities, 2012-2024, ordered by change in flare volume 38
Figure 23. Changes in gas flare volumes and flare intensity, 2012-2024 (for countries flaring over 0.5 bcm in 2024) 41
Boxes 5
Box 1. Flare gas volume estimates explained 18
Box 2. Flaring intensity explained 19
Box 3. Main differences in flaring trends in shale oil and conventional oil developments 28
Box 4. EU Methane Regulation and implications for oil and gas operators in developing countries 35
Box 5. Financing gap to address flaring reduction 46
Box 6. The structure of the loan arrangement to support Basrah Gas Company (BGC) flaring reduction 47
Box 7. Closing critical knowledge gap to design and implement flaring reduction 50
Box 8. GFMR Partnership's strategy to accelerate gas flaring reduction 54
