목차
Title page 1
Contents 1
Abstract 3
1. Introduction 4
2. Literature Review 6
3. Conceptual Framework: Linking Discrimination to Mental and Physical Health Why should COVID-19 differentially affect Health Status of Asians? 10
4. Description of Data and Summary Statistics 11
5. Empirical Framework 18
6. Results 19
7. Summary, Implications, Limitations and Conclusion 30
References 39
Tables 13
Table 1. Descriptive Statistics for Demographic and Economic Variables 13
Table 2. Average Treatment Effect of COVID Asian Discrimination on Health Status 33
Table 3. Average Treatment Effect of COVID Asian Discrimination 2017-2024 34
Table 4. Treatment Effect of COVID Asian Discrimination-Alternative Health Measures (Reporting Marginal Effects) 35
Table 5. Placebo Tests: Testing Parallel Trend Assumption 36
Table 6. Robustness Check: DD estimates Excluding All Immigrants 36
Table 7. Robustness Checks: Testing for a Minority Majority Effect 37
Table 8. Robustness Checks: Treatment Effect of COVID Asian Discrimination-Excluding 2020 37
Table 9. Robustness Checks: Are results driven by the elderly? 38
Table 10. Potential Pathways: Was the Effects on Health Immediate or Delayed? 38
Figures 15
Figure 1. Mean Health Status (Asian vs White) 15
Figure 2. Reported Share of Individuals with Very Good/Excellent Health (Asian vs White) 16
Figure 3. Reported Share With One or More Reported Health Difficulties (Asian vs White) 16
Figure 4. Trends in Mean Health Status 2015-2024 17
