Abstract  01

About the authors  01

Acronyms  07

Executive Summary  08

Introduction  10

1 Peak-level social dialogue: Principles, actors and types  12

1.1 The principles  12

1.2 The actors  13

1.3 The types  13

2 The benefits of peak-level social dialogue  15

2.1 Foundational benefits  15

2.1.1 Labour peace and societal cohesion  15

2.1.2 Good governance and democracy  16

2.2 Transformative benefits  16

2.2.1 Sustainable productivity growth  16

2.2.2 Just transitions  17

2.2.3 Combating unjust inequalities  18

3 An SDG approach for economic development and social progress: Deriving four alternative scenarios  20

3.1 Time horizons: short-termist versus long-termist approaches  20

3.2 Inclusive versus non-inclusive approaches  21

3.3 Four scenarios of economic development and social progress  22

3.3.1 Unsustainable development  23

3.3.2 Captive development  23

3.3.3 Open development  24

3.3.4 Sustainable development  25

4 Scenario analysis of the role and consequences of PLSD  27

4.1 Unsustainable development  29

4.1.1 What does PLSD look like?  29

4.1.2 What role can PLSD play?  29

4.2 Captive development  32

4.2.1 What does PLSD look like?  32

4.2.2 What role can PLSD play?  33

4.3 Open development  36

4.3.1 What does PLSD look like?  36

4.3.2 What role can PLSD play?  36

4.4 Sustainable development  39

4.4.1 What does PLSD look like?  39

4.4.2 What role can PLSD play?  39

5 Discussion: PLSD for sustainable economic development and social progress  44

5.1. PLSD for decent work and full employment  44

5.2. PLSD for a fair income distribution  45

5.3. PLSD to navigate just transitions  46

5.4. PLSD for social justice  47

Conclusion  49

References  50