목차
SUMMARY 1
Introduction 2
1. EU spending for 2021 to 2027: Structure and priorities 2
1.1. Ceilings for commitments and payments 2
1.2. Special instruments 4
2. Unexpected challenges 5
2.1. COVID-19 pandemic 5
2.2. Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine 5
2.3. Increased NGEU borrowing cost 7
3. Budgetary resources to rise to the challenges 8
3.1. 2021-2027 MFF margins 8
3.2. Special instruments under the 2021-2027 MFF 10
4. Revision of the MFF: The next steps 10
