목차
Title paeg 1
Contents 1
Executive summary 1
1. Europe's critical window in the EV transition 2
2. Chinese FDI in Europe's EV sector 3
2.1. Opportunities 5
2.1.1. Scaling up battery production 5
2.1.2. Regional development and job creation 6
2.1.3. The potential for knowledge transfer and innovation spillovers 7
2.2. Risks 8
2.2.1. Market distortions 8
2.2.2. Public security risks 9
2.2.3. Long-term economic dependence and value capture 9
2.2.4. Fragmented national approaches and governance risks 10
3. The EU's toolbox 11
3.1. State aid and EU funding 11
3.2. Trade defence 11
3.3. Addressing distortions through the Foreign Subsidies Regulation 12
3.4. FDI screening mechanism 12
3.5. Demand-side incentives for European-made EVs 13
3.6. EU battery regulation 14
3.7. Market access through JVs and licensing 14
3.8. Data and cybersecurity 16
4. Policy recommendations 16
4.1. Demand side measures: incentives to promote sustainable and resilient value chains 17
4.2. Supply-side measures: conditional state aid and EU funding 17
4.3. Cybersecurity and data governance safeguards 18
4.4. Tackle distortions, but ensure investing remains attractive 18
References 19
Tables 15
Table 1. Different forms of JVs and licensing agreements 15
Figures 3
Figure 1. Completed Chinese outbound transactions in the EU and UK 3
Figure 2. Battery investment in Europe by source, 2020-2024 4
Figure 3. Imports from China into Brandenburg and Thuringia by product category, € billions 4
Figure 4. Number of staff by nationality at CATL's plant in Germany 7
