Title page 1

Contents 7

Abstract 4

Introduction 8

NATO security assistance and training for Ukraine 10

How NSATU initiative came into place 10

Coordination formats in support of Ukraine before NSATU 11

NSATU's structure and mandate 12

Coordination and delivery of weapons and equipment 14

Coordination of training 15

Force development 16

NSATU Trust Fund 17

NSATU's success and limitations 18

Prioritized Ukrainerequi rements list 20

How the PURL initiative came into place 20

How PURL works 21

PURL funding 22

Burden-sharing issues 24

PURL's successes and limitations 28

Conclusion 32

Figure 1. NSATU Organizational Chart 13

Figure 2/Figure 3. Capability Coalitions under the UDCG format 17

Figure 3/Figure 4. PURL Packages Announced in 2025 23

Figure 4/Figure 5. PURL approximate contributions by NATO Allies 26