목차
Title page
Contents
East Asia and the Pacific 7
CAMBODIA 8
CENTRAL PACIFIC ISLANDS 10
CHINA 12
FIJI 14
INDONESIA 16
LAO PDR 18
MALAYSIA 20
MONGOLIA 22
MYANMAR 24
NORTH PACIFIC ISLANDS 26
PAPUA NEW GUINEA 28
PHILIPPINES 30
SOLOMON ISLANDS 32
SOUTH PACIFIC ISLANDS 34
THAILAND 36
TIMOR-LESTE 38
VIETNAM 40
Europe and Central Asia 42
ALBANIA 43
ARMENIA 45
AZERBAIJAN 47
BELARUS 49
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 51
BULGARIA 53
CROATIA 55
GEORGIA 57
KAZAKHSTAN 59
KOSOVO 61
KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 63
MOLDOVA 65
MONTENEGRO 67
NORTH MACEDONIA 69
POLAND 71
ROMANIA 73
RUSSIAN FEDERATION 75
SERBIA 77
TAJIKISTAN 79
TURKEY 81
UKRAINE 83
UZBEKISTAN 85
Latin America and the Caribbean 87
ARGENTINA 88
THE BAHAMAS 90
BARBADOS 92
BELIZE 94
BOLIVIA 96
BRAZIL 98
CHILE 100
COLOMBIA 102
COSTA RICA 104
DOMINICA 106
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 108
ECUADOR 110
EL SALVADOR 112
GRENADA 114
GUATEMALA 116
GUYANA 118
HAITI 120
HONDURAS 122
JAMAICA 124
MEXICO 126
NICARAGUA 128
PANAMA 130
PARAGUAY 132
PERU 134
SAINT LUCIA 136
ST.VINCENT AND THEGRENADINES 138
SURINAME 140
URUGUAY 142
Middle East and North Africa 144
ALGERIA 145
BAHRAIN 147
DJIBOUTI 149
ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT 151
IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC 153
REPUBLIC OF IRAQ 155
JORDAN 157
KUWAIT 159
LEBANON 161
LIBYA 163
MOROCCO 165
OMAN 167
PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES 169
QATAR 171
SAUDI ARABIA 173
SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC 175
TUNISIA 177
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 179
REPUBLIC OF YEMEN 181
South Asia 183
AFGHANISTAN 184
BANGLADESH 186
BHUTAN 188
INDIA 190
MALDIVES 192
NEPAL 194
PAKISTAN 196
SRI LANKA 198
Sub-Saharan Africa 200
ANGOLA 201
BENIN 203
BOTSWANA 205
BURKINA FASO 207
BURUNDI 209
CABO VERDE 211
CAMEROON 213
CENTRAL AFRICAN REP. 215
CHAD 217
COMOROS 219
DEMOCRATIC REP.OF CONGO 221
REPUBLIC OF CONGO 223
COTE D'IVOIRE 225
EQUATORIAL GUINEA 227
ERITREA 229
ESWATINI 231
ETHIOPIA 233
GABON 235
THE GAMBIA 237
GHANA 239
GUINEA 241
GUINEA-BISSAU 243
KENYA 245
LESOTHO 247
LIBERIA 249
MADAGASCAR 251
MALAWI 253
MALI 255
MAURITANIA 257
MAURITIUS 259
MOZAMBIQUE 261
NAMIBIA 263
NIGER 265
NIGERIA 267
RWANDA 269
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE 271
SENEGAL 273
SEYCHELLES 275
SIERRA LEONE 277
SOMALIA 279
SOUTH AFRICA 281
SOUTH SUDAN 283
TANZANIA 285
TOGO 287
UGANDA 289
ZAMBIA 291
ZIMBABWE 293
CAMBODIA 8
Table 1. (Omit) 8
Table 2. Cambodia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 9
CENTRAL PACIFIC ISLANDS 10
Table 1. (Omit) 10
Table 2. Central Pacific Islands / Macro poverty outlook indicators 11
CHINA 12
Table 1. (Omit) 12
Table 2. China / Macro poverty outlook indicators 13
FIJI 14
Table 1. (Omit) 14
Table 2. Fiji / Macro poverty outlook indicators 15
INDONESIA 16
Table 1. (Omit) 16
Table 2. Indonesia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 17
LAO PDR 18
Table 1. (Omit) 18
Table 2. Lao PDR / Macro poverty outlook indicators 19
MALAYSIA 20
Table 1. (Omit) 20
Table 2. Malaysia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 21
MONGOLIA 22
Table 1. (Omit) 22
Table 2. Mongolia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 23
MYANMAR 24
Table 1. (Omit) 24
Table 2. Myanmar / Macro poverty outlook indicators 25
NORTH PACIFIC ISLANDS 26
Table 1. (Omit) 26
Table 2. North Pacific Islands / Macro poverty outlook indicators 27
PAPUA NEW GUINEA 28
Table 1. (Omit) 28
Table 2. Papua New Guinea / Macro poverty outlook indicators 29
PHILIPPINES 30
Table 1. (Omit) 30
Table 2. Philippines / Macro poverty outlook indicators 31
SOLOMON ISLANDS 32
Table 1. (Omit) 32
Table 2. Solomon Islands / Macro poverty outlook indicators 33
SOUTH PACIFIC ISLANDS 34
Table 1. (Omit) 34
Table 2. South Pacific Islands / Macro poverty outlook indicators 35
THAILAND 36
Table 1. (Omit) 36
Table 2. Thailand / Macro poverty outlook indicators 37
TIMOR-LESTE 38
Table 1. (Omit) 38
Table 2. Timor-Leste / Macro poverty outlook indicators 39
VIETNAM 40
Table 1. (Omit) 40
Table 2. Vietnam / Macro poverty outlook indicators 41
ALBANIA 43
Table 1. (Omit) 43
Table 2. Albania / Macro poverty outlook indicators 44
ARMENIA 45
Table 1. (Omit) 45
Table 2. Armenia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 46
AZERBAIJAN 47
Table 1. (Omit) 47
Table 2. Azerbaijan / Macro poverty outlook indicators 48
BELARUS 49
Table 1. (Omit) 49
Table 2. Belarus / Macro poverty outlook indicators 50
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 51
Table 1. (Omit) 51
Table 2. Bosnia and Herzegovina / Macro poverty outlook indicators 52
BULGARIA 53
Table 1. (Omit) 53
Table 2. Bulgaria / Macro poverty outlook indicators 54
CROATIA 55
Table 1. (Omit) 55
Table 2. Croatia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 56
GEORGIA 57
Table 1. (Omit) 57
Table 2. Georgia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 58
KAZAKHSTAN 59
Table 1. (Omit) 59
Table 2. Kazakhstan / Macro poverty outlook indicators 60
KOSOVO 61
Table 1. (Omit) 61
Table 2. Kosovo / Macro poverty outlook indicators 62
KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 63
Table 1. (Omit) 63
Table 2. Kyrgyz Republic / Macro poverty outlook indicators 64
MOLDOVA 65
Table 1. (Omit) 65
Table 2. Moldova / Macro poverty outlook indicators 66
MONTENEGRO 67
Table 1. (Omit) 67
Table 2. Montenegro / Macro poverty outlook indicators 68
NORTH MACEDONIA 69
Table 1. (Omit) 69
Table 2. North Macedonia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 70
POLAND 71
Table 1. (Omit) 71
Table 2. Poland / Macro poverty outlook indicators 72
ROMANIA 73
Table 1. (Omit) 73
Table 2. Romania / Macro poverty outlook indicators 74
RUSSIAN FEDERATION 75
Table 1. (Omit) 75
Table 2. Russian Federation / Macro poverty outlook indicators 76
SERBIA 77
Table 1. (Omit) 77
Table 2. Serbia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 78
TAJIKISTAN 79
Table 1. (Omit) 79
Table 2. Tajikistan / Macro poverty outlook indicators 80
TURKEY 81
Table 1. (Omit) 81
Table 2. Turkey / Macro poverty outlook indicators 82
UKRAINE 83
Table 1. (Omit) 83
Table 2. Ukraine / Macro poverty outlook indicators 84
UZBEKISTAN 85
Table 1. (Omit) 85
Table 2. Uzbekistan / Macro poverty outlook indicators 86
ARGENTINA 88
Table 1. (Omit) 88
Table 2. Argentina / Macro poverty outlook indicators 89
THE BAHAMAS 90
Table 1. (Omit) 90
Table 2. The Bahamas / Macro poverty outlook indicators 91
BARBADOS 92
Table 1. (Omit) 92
Table 2. Barbados / Macro poverty outlook indicators 93
BELIZE 94
Table 1. (Omit) 94
Table 2. Belize / Macro poverty outlook indicators 95
BOLIVIA 96
Table 1. (Omit) 96
Table 2. Bolivia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 97
BRAZIL 98
Table 1. (Omit) 98
Table 2. Brazil / Macro poverty outlook indicators 99
CHILE 100
Table 1. (Omit) 100
Table 2. Chile / Macro poverty outlook indicators 101
COLOMBIA 102
Table 1. (Omit) 102
Table 2. Colombia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 103
COSTA RICA 104
Table 1. (Omit) 104
Table 2. Costa Rica / Macro poverty outlook indicators 105
DOMINICA 106
Table 1. (Omit) 106
Table 2. Dominica / Macro poverty outlook indicators 107
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 108
Table 1. (Omit) 108
Table 2. Dominican Republic / Macro poverty outlook indicators 109
ECUADOR 110
Table 1. (Omit) 110
Table 2. Ecuador / Macro poverty outlook indicators 111
EL SALVADOR 112
Table 1. (Omit) 112
Table 2. El Salvador / Macro poverty outlook indicators 113
GRENADA 114
Table 1. (Omit) 114
Table 2. Grenada / Macro poverty outlook indicators 115
GUATEMALA 116
Table 1. (Omit) 116
Table 2. Guatemala / Macro poverty outlook indicators 117
GUYANA 118
Table 1. (Omit) 118
Table 2. Guyana / Macro poverty outlook indicators 119
HAITI 120
Table 1. (Omit) 120
Table 2. Haiti / Macro poverty outlook indicators 121
HONDURAS 122
Table 1. (Omit) 122
Table 2. Honduras / Macro poverty outlook indicators 123
JAMAICA 124
Table 1. (Omit) 124
Table 2. Jamaica / Macro poverty outlook indicators 125
MEXICO 126
Table 1. (Omit) 126
Table 2. Mexico / Macro poverty outlook indicators 127
NICARAGUA 128
Table 1. (Omit) 128
Table 2. Nicaragua / Macro poverty outlook indicators 129
PANAMA 130
Table 1. (Omit) 130
Table 2. Panama / Macro poverty outlook indicators 131
PARAGUAY 132
Table 1. (Omit) 132
Table 2. Paraguay / Macro poverty outlook indicators 133
PERU 134
Table 1. (Omit) 134
Table 2. Peru / Macro poverty outlook indicators 135
SAINT LUCIA 136
Table 1. (Omit) 136
Table 2. Saint Lucia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 137
ST.VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES 138
Table 1. (Omit) 138
Table 2. St. Vincent and the Grenadines / Macro poverty outlook indicators 139
SURINAME 140
Table 1. (Omit) 140
Table 2. Suriname / Macro poverty outlook indicators 141
URUGUAY 142
Table 1. (Omit) 142
Table 2. Uruguay / Macro poverty outlook indicators 143
ALGERIA 145
Table 1. (Omit) 145
Table 2. Algeria / Macro poverty outlook indicators 146
BAHRAIN 147
Table 1. (Omit) 147
Table 2. Bahrain / Macro poverty outlook indicators 148
DJIBOUTI 149
Table 1. (Omit) 149
Table 2. Djibouti / Macro poverty outlook indicators 150
ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT 151
Table 1. (Omit) 151
Table 2. Arab Republic of Egypt / Macro poverty outlook indicators 152
IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC 153
Table 1. (Omit) 153
Table 2. Islamic Republic of Iran / Macro poverty outlook indicators 154
REPUBLIC OF IRAQ 155
Table 1. (Omit) 155
Table 2. Republic of Iraq / Macro poverty outlook indicators 156
JORDAN 157
Table 1. (Omit) 157
Table 2. Jordan / Macro poverty outlook indicators 158
KUWAIT 159
Table 1. (Omit) 159
Table 2. Kuwait / Macro poverty outlook indicators 160
LEBANON 161
Table 1. (Omit) 161
Table 2. Lebanon / Macro poverty outlook indicators 162
LIBYA 163
Table 1. (Omit) 163
Table 2. Libya / Macro poverty outlook indicators 164
MOROCCO 165
Table 1. (Omit) 165
Table 2. Morocco / Macro poverty outlook indicators 166
OMAN 167
Table 1. (Omit) 167
Table 2. Oman / Macro poverty outlook indicators 168
PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES 169
Table 1. (Omit) 169
Table 2. Palestinian territories / Macro poverty outlook indicators 170
QATAR 171
Table 1. (Omit) 171
Table 2. Qatar / Macro poverty outlook indicators 172
SAUDI ARABIA 173
Table 1. (Omit) 173
Table 2. Saudi Arabia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 174
SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC 175
Table 1. (Omit) 175
Table 2. Syrian Arab Republic / Macro poverty outlook indicators 176
TUNISIA 177
Table 1. (Omit) 177
Table 2. Tunisia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 178
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 179
Table 1. (Omit) 179
Table 2. United Arab Emirates / Macro poverty outlook indicators 180
REPUBLIC OF YEMEN 181
Table 1. (Omit) 181
Table 2. Republic of Yemen / Macro poverty outlook indicators 182
BANGLADESH 186
Table 1. (Omit) 186
Table 2. Bangladesh / Macro poverty outlook indicators 187
BHUTAN 188
Table 1. (Omit) 188
Table 2. Bhutan / Macro poverty outlook indicators 189
INDIA 190
Table 1. (Omit) 190
Table 2. India / Macro poverty outlook indicators 191
MALDIVES 192
Table 1. (Omit) 192
Table 2. Maldives / Macro poverty outlook indicators 193
NEPAL 194
Table 1. (Omit) 194
Table 2. Nepal / Macro poverty outlook indicators 195
PAKISTAN 196
Table 1. (Omit) 196
Table 2. Pakistan / Macro poverty outlook indicators 197
SRI LANKA 198
Table 1. (Omit) 198
Table 2. Sri Lanka / Macro poverty outlook indicators 199
ANGOLA 201
Table 1. (Omit) 201
Table 2. Angola / Macro poverty outlook indicators 202
BENIN 203
Table 1. (Omit) 203
Table 2. Benin / Macro poverty outlook indicators 204
BOTSWANA 205
Table 1. (Omit) 205
Table 2. Botswana / Macro poverty outlook indicators 206
BURKINA FASO 207
Table 1. (Omit) 207
Table 2. Burkina Faso / Macro poverty outlook indicators 208
BURUNDI 209
Table 1. (Omit) 209
Table 2. Burundi / Macro poverty outlook indicators 210
CABO VERDE 211
Table 1. (Omit) 211
Table 2. Cabo Verde / Macro poverty outlook indicators 212
CAMEROON 213
Table 1. (Omit) 213
Table 2. Cameroon / Macro poverty outlook indicators 214
CENTRAL AFRICAN REP 215
Table 1. (Omit) 215
Table 2. Central African Republic / Macro poverty outlook indicators 216
CHAD 217
Table 1. (Omit) 217
Table 2. Chad / Macro poverty outlook indicators 218
COMOROS 219
Table 1. (Omit) 219
Table 2. Comoros / Macro poverty outlook indicators 220
DEMOCRATIC REP. OF CONGO 221
Table 1. (Omit) 221
Table 2. Democratic Republic of Congo / Macro poverty outlook indicators 222
REPUBLIC OF CONGO 223
Table 1. (Omit) 223
Table 2. Republic of Congo / Macro poverty outlook indicators 224
COTE D'IVOIRE 225
Table 1. (Omit) 225
Table 2. Cote d'Ivoire / Macro poverty outlook indicators 226
EQUATORIAL GUINEA 227
Table 1. (Omit) 227
Table 2. Equatorial Guinea / Macro poverty outlook indicators 228
ERITREA 229
Table 1. (Omit) 229
Table 2. Eritrea / Macro poverty outlook indicators 230
ESWATINI 231
Table 1. (Omit) 231
Table 2. Eswatini / Macro poverty outlook indicators 232
ETHIOPIA 233
Table 1. (Omit) 233
Table 2. Ethiopia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 234
GABON 235
Table 1. (Omit) 235
Table 2. Gabon / Macro poverty outlook indicators 236
THE GAMBIA 237
Table 1. (Omit) 237
Table 2. The Gambia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 238
GHANA 239
Table 1. (Omit) 239
Table 2. Ghana / Macro poverty outlook indicators 240
GUINEA 241
Table 1. (Omit) 241
Table 2. Guinea / Macro poverty outlook indicators 242
GUINEA-BISSAU 243
Table 1. (Omit) 243
Table 2. Guinea-Bissau / Macro poverty outlook indicators 244
KENYA 245
Table 1. (Omit) 245
Table 2. Kenya / Macro poverty outlook indicators 246
LESOTHO 247
Table 1. (Omit) 247
Table 2. Lesotho / Macro poverty outlook indicators 248
LIBERIA 249
Table 1. (Omit) 249
Table 2. Liberia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 250
MADAGASCAR 251
Table 1. (Omit) 251
Table 2. Madagascar / Macro poverty outlook indicators 252
MALAWI 253
Table 1. (Omit) 253
Table 2. Malawi / Macro poverty outlook indicators 254
MALI 255
Table 1. (Omit) 255
Table 2. Mali / Macro poverty outlook indicators 256
MAURITANIA 257
Table 1. (Omit) 257
Table 2. Mauritania / Macro poverty outlook indicators 258
MAURITIUS 259
Table 1. (Omit) 259
Table 2. Mauritius / Macro poverty outlook indicators 260
MOZAMBIQUE 261
Table 1. (Omit) 261
Table 2. Mozambique / Macro poverty outlook indicators 262
NAMIBIA 263
Table 1. (Omit) 263
Table 2. Namibia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 264
NIGER 265
Table 1. (Omit) 265
Table 2. Niger / Macro poverty outlook indicators 266
NIGERIA 267
Table 1. (Omit) 267
Table 2. Nigeria / Macro poverty outlook indicators 268
RWANDA 269
Table 1. (Omit) 269
Table 2. Rwanda / Macro poverty outlook indicators 270
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE 271
Table 1. (Omit) 271
Table 2. Sao Tome and Principe / Macro poverty outlook indicators 272
SENEGAL 273
Table 1. (Omit) 273
Table 2. Senegal / Macro poverty outlook indicators 274
SEYCHELLES 275
Table 1. (Omit) 275
Table 2. Seychelles / Macro poverty outlook indicators 276
SIERRA LEONE 277
Table 1. (Omit) 277
Table 2. Sierra Leone / Macro poverty outlook indicators 278
SOMALIA 279
Table 1. (Omit) 279
Table 2. Somalia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 280
SOUTH AFRICA 281
Table 1. (Omit) 281
Table 2. South Africa / Macro poverty outlook indicators 282
SOUTH SUDAN 283
Table 1. (Omit) 283
Table 2. South Sudan / Macro poverty outlook indicators 284
TANZANIA 285
Table 1. (Omit) 285
Table 2. Tanzania / Macro poverty outlook indicators 286
TOGO 287
Table 1. (Omit) 287
Table 2. Togo / Macro poverty outlook indicators 288
UGANDA 289
Table 1. (Omit) 289
Table 2. Uganda / Macro poverty outlook indicators 290
ZAMBIA 291
Table 1. (Omit) 291
Table 2. Zambia / Macro poverty outlook indicators 292
ZIMBABWE 293
Table 1. (Omit) 293
Table 2. Zimbabwe / Macro poverty outlook indicators 294
CAMBODIA 8
Figure 1. Cambodia / Real GDP growth and contributions to sectoral growth 8
Figure 2. Cambodia / Merchandise (excluding gold) exports 8
CENTRAL PACIFIC ISLANDS 10
Figure 1. Central Pacific Islands / Sources of revenue, 2016-2021 10
Figure 2. Central Pacific Islands / Sovereign wealth fund balances 10
CHINA 12
Figure 1. China / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 12
Figure 2. China / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 12
FIJI 14
Figure 1. Fiji / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 14
Figure 2. Fiji / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 14
INDONESIA 16
Figure 1. Indonesia / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 16
Figure 2. Indonesia / Poverty rate is declining albeit at a slower pace than pre-pandemic years 16
LAO PDR 18
Figure 1. Lao PDR / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 18
Figure 2. Lao PDR / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 18
MALAYSIA 20
Figure 1. Malaysia / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 20
Figure 2. Malaysia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 20
MONGOLIA 22
Figure 1. Mongolia / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 22
Figure 2. Mongolia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 22
MYANMAR 24
Figure 1. Myanmar / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth by sector 24
Figure 2. Myanmar / Manufacturing purchasing managers' index (PMI) / Mobility (month average) 24
NORTH PACIFIC ISLANDS 26
Figure 1. North Pacific Islands / Overall fiscal balance 26
Figure 2. North Pacific Islands / Formal sector employment 26
PAPUA NEW GUINEA 28
Figure 1. Papua New Guinea / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 28
Figure 2. Papua New Guinea / Key fiscal and debt indicators 28
PHILIPPINES 30
Figure 1. Philippines / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 30
Figure 2. Philippines / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 30
SOLOMON ISLANDS 32
Figure 1. Solomon Islands / Real GDP growth, actual, pre-unrest trend and post-unrest forecast 32
Figure 2. Solomon Islands / Fiscal balance 32
SOUTH PACIFIC ISLANDS 34
Figure 1. South Pacific Islands / Overall fiscal balance 34
Figure 2. South Pacific Islands / Current account balance 34
THAILAND 36
Figure 1. Thailand / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 36
Figure 2. Thailand / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 36
TIMOR-LESTE 38
Figure 1. Timor-Leste / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 38
Figure 2. Timor-Leste / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 38
VIETNAM 40
Figure 1. Vietnam / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 40
Figure 2. Vietnam / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 40
ALBANIA 43
Figure 1. Albania / Headline inflation and core inflation 43
Figure 2. Albania / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 43
ARMENIA 45
Figure 1. Armenia / GDP growth, fiscal and current account balances 45
Figure 2. Armenia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 45
AZERBAIJAN 47
Figure 1. Azerbaijan / Non-oil GDP growth and oil price 47
Figure 2. Azerbaijan / Official poverty rate and unemployment rate 47
BELARUS 49
Figure 1. Belarus / FX deposits and gross international reserves, 2008-2022 49
Figure 2. Belarus / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 49
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 51
Figure 1. Bosnia and Herzegovina / Real GDP growth and sectoral contributions to real GDP growth 51
Figure 2. Bosnia and Herzegovina / Labor market indicators, 2020-2021 51
BULGARIA 53
Figure 1. Bulgaria / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 53
Figure 2. Bulgaria / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 53
CROATIA 55
Figure 1. Croatia / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 55
Figure 2. Croatia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 55
GEORGIA 57
Figure 1. Georgia / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 57
Figure 2. Georgia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 57
KAZAKHSTAN 59
Figure 1. Kazakhstan / Movement in real GDP 59
Figure 2. Kazakhstan / Poverty rate $5.5 a day PPP 59
KOSOVO 61
Figure 1. Kosovo / Index of merchandise exports in USD, 2019Q4=100 percent 61
Figure 2. Kosovo / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 61
KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 63
Figure 1. Kyrgyz Republic / Headline, food and fuel inflation 63
Figure 2. Kyrgyz Republic / GDP growth and poverty rate 63
MOLDOVA 65
Figure 1. Moldova / Projected macroeconomic indicators 65
Figure 2. Moldova / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 65
MONTENEGRO 67
Figure 1. Montenegro / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 67
Figure 2. Montenegro / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 67
NORTH MACEDONIA 69
Figure 1. North Macedonia / Fiscal performance 69
Figure 2. North Macedonia / Labor market indicators, 2020-21 69
POLAND 71
Figure 1. Poland / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 71
Figure 2. Poland / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 71
ROMANIA 73
Figure 1. Romania / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 73
Figure 2. Romania / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 73
RUSSIAN FEDERATION 75
Figure 1. Russian Federation / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 75
Figure 2. Russian Federation / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 75
SERBIA 77
Figure 1. Serbia / Real GDP and potential growth and contributions to potential GDP growth 77
Figure 2. Serbia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 77
TAJIKISTAN 79
Figure 1. Tajikistan / Fiscal balance and public debt 79
Figure 2. Tajikistan / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 79
TURKEY 81
Figure 1. Turkey / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 81
Figure 2. Turkey / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 81
UKRAINE 83
Figure 1. Ukraine / EMBI bond spreads 83
Figure 2. Ukraine / Number of persons displaced and in need of humanitarian assistance 83
UZBEKISTAN 85
Figure 1. Uzbekistan / GDP growth, inflation, unemployment 85
Figure 2. Uzbekistan / Poverty, GDP per capita, and small business development 85
ARGENTINA 88
Figure 1. Argentina / Net international reserves and exchange rate premium 88
Figure 2. Argentina / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 88
THE BAHAMAS 90
Figure 1. The Bahamas / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 90
Figure 2. The Bahamas / Fiscal balances and public debt 90
BARBADOS 92
Figure 1. Barbados / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 92
Figure 2. Barbados / Fiscal balances and public debt 92
BELIZE 94
Figure 1. Belize / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 94
Figure 2. Belize / Fiscal balances and public debt 94
BOLIVIA 96
Figure 1. Bolivia / Public debt 96
Figure 2. Bolivia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 96
BRAZIL 98
Figure 1. Brazil / Evolution of Brazil's GDP per activity sector 98
Figure 2. Brazil / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 98
CHILE 100
Figure 1. Chile / Exchange rate and copper prices 100
Figure 2. Chile / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 100
COLOMBIA 102
Figure 1. Colombia / GDP components, historic and baseline scenario (dashed line) 102
Figure 2. Colombia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 102
COSTA RICA 104
Figure 1. Costa Rica / Budget balance and change in debt 104
Figure 2. Costa Rica / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 104
DOMINICA 106
Figure 1. Dominica / Real GDP growth and fiscal balance 106
Figure 2. Dominica / Public debt 106
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 108
Figure 1. Dominican Republic / Tourist arrivals, by residence 108
Figure 2. Dominican Republic / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 108
ECUADOR 110
Figure 1. Ecuador / Fiscal and current account balances 110
Figure 2. Ecuador / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 110
EL SALVADOR 112
Figure 1. El Salvador / Emerging markets bond global index 112
Figure 2. El Salvador / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 112
GRENADA 114
Figure 1. Grenada / The evolution of main macro indicators 114
Figure 2. Grenada / Unemployment rate 114
GUATEMALA 116
Figure 1. Guatemala / Remittances inflows and net international reserves build up 116
Figure 2. Guatemala / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 116
GUYANA 118
Figure 1. Guyana / Oil production, real oil, and real non-oil GDP, 2019-2024 118
Figure 2. Guyana / Selected food insecurity indicators in June 2021 118
HAITI 120
Figure 1. Haiti / Real GDP growth and sectoral contributions to real GDP growth 120
Figure 2. Haiti / Actual and simulated poverty rates and real GDP per capita 120
HONDURAS 122
Figure 1. Honduras / Fiscal balance and debt 122
Figure 2. Honduras / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 122
JAMAICA 124
Figure 1. Jamaica / Fiscal balances and public debt 124
Figure 2. Jamaica / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 124
MEXICO 126
Figure 1. Mexico / Inflation 126
Figure 2. Mexico / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 126
NICARAGUA 128
Figure 1. Nicaragua / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 128
Figure 2. Nicaragua / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 128
PANAMA 130
Figure 1. Panama / Good exports and current account balance 130
Figure 2. Panama / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 130
PARAGUAY 132
Figure 1. Paraguay / Headline and core CPI inflation 132
Figure 2. Paraguay / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 132
PERU 134
Figure 1. Peru / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 134
Figure 2. Peru / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 134
SAINT LUCIA 136
Figure 1. Saint Lucia / Key macroeconomic variables 136
Figure 2. Saint Lucia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 136
ST.VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES 138
Figure 1. St. Vincent and the Grenadines / Fiscal balances 138
Figure 2. St. Vincent and the Grenadines / Public debt 138
SURINAME 140
Figure 1. Suriname / Consumer price inflation 140
Figure 2. Suriname / GDP per capita 140
URUGUAY 142
Figure 1. Uruguay / Actual and projected primary and overall fiscal balances 142
Figure 2. Uruguay / Actual and simulated poverty rates and real GDP per capita 142
ALGERIA 145
Figure 1. Algeria / Crude oil prices and trade balance 145
Figure 2. Algeria / GDP components, production side 145
BAHRAIN 147
Figure 1. Bahrain / Real annual GDP growth 147
Figure 2. Bahrain / General government operations 147
DJIBOUTI 149
Figure 1. Djibouti / Real GDP growth, fiscal, and current account balances 149
Figure 2. Djibouti / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 149
ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT 151
Figure 1. Arab Republic of Egypt / Real GDP growth and labor market indicators 151
Figure 2. Arab Republic of Egypt / Banking sector net foreign assets 151
IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC 153
Figure 1. Islamic Republic of Iran / GDP growth and supply side decomposition 153
Figure 2. Islamic Republic of Iran / Current account balance 153
REPUBLIC OF IRAQ 155
Figure 1. Republic of Iraq / GDP growth and supply side decomposition 155
Figure 2. Republic of Iraq / Fiscal account outlook 155
JORDAN 157
Figure 1. Jordan / Current account deficit and its drivers 157
Figure 2. Jordan / Unemployment rate in regional comparison 157
KUWAIT 159
Figure 1. Kuwait / General government operations 159
Figure 2. Kuwait / Growth: Real GDP, real oil, and real non-oil sectors 159
LEBANON 161
Figure 1. Lebanon / Exchange rate depreciation and rising prices 161
Figure 2. Lebanon / Inflation in basic items has been a key driver of overall inflation, hurting the poor and the middle class 161
LIBYA 163
Figure 1. Libya / Oil production and exports 163
Figure 2. Libya / Real annual GDP growth 163
MOROCCO 165
Figure 1. Morocco / Actual and projected real GDP, percent deviation from 2019 level and pre-COVID-19 forecast 165
Figure 2. Morocco / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 165
OMAN 167
Figure 1. Oman / Real annual GDP growth 167
Figure 2. Oman / General government operations 167
PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES 169
Figure 1. Palestinian territories / New daily COVID-19 infections and 7-day moving average 169
Figure 2. Palestinian territories / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 169
QATAR 171
Figure 1. Qatar / Real GDP growth 171
Figure 2. Qatar / Public finances 171
SAUDI ARABIA 173
Figure 1. Saudi Arabia / Annual real GDP growth 173
Figure 2. Saudi Arabia / Central government operations 173
SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC 175
Figure 1. Syrian Arab Republic / Exchange rate depreciation along with surging inflation 175
Figure 2. Syrian Arab Republic / Work days per month for a worker to afford the minimum food basket 175
TUNISIA 177
Figure 1. Tunisia / Real GDP: Actual, forecast and pre-COVID-19 trend 177
Figure 2. Tunisia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 177
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 179
Figure 1. United Arab Emirates / Annual real GDP growth 179
Figure 2. United Arab Emirates / Composite purchasing manager's index 179
REPUBLIC OF YEMEN 181
Figure 1. Republic of Yemen / Real GDP (indexed): Yemen and comparators 181
Figure 2. Republic of Yemen / Exchange rate trend: Yemen (Sana'a and Aden) 181
BANGLADESH 186
Figure 1. Bangladesh / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 186
Figure 2. Bangladesh / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 186
BHUTAN 188
Figure 1. Bhutan / Fiscal indicators 188
Figure 2. Bhutan / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 188
INDIA 190
Figure 1. India / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 190
Figure 2. India / Real GDP 190
MALDIVES 192
Figure 1. Maldives / Visitor arrivals 192
Figure 2. Maldives / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 192
NEPAL 194
Figure 1. Nepal / Real GDP levels: Actual vs. pre-covid trend 194
Figure 2. Nepal / The current account deficit has widened 194
PAKISTAN 196
Figure 1. Pakistan / Headline inflation and overall trade deficit 196
Figure 2. Pakistan / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 196
SRI LANKA 198
Figure 1. Sri Lanka / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth (production side) 198
Figure 2. Sri Lanka / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 198
ANGOLA 201
Figure 1. Angola / Actual and projected public debt levels and primary balance 201
Figure 2. Angola / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 201
BENIN 203
Figure 1. Benin / Budget balance and change in public and publicly guaranteed debt 203
Figure 2. Benin / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 203
BOTSWANA 205
Figure 1. Botswana / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 205
Figure 2. Botswana / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 205
BURKINA FASO 207
Figure 1. Burkina Faso / Real GDP and sectoral decomposition of real GDP 207
Figure 2. Burkina Faso / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 207
BURUNDI 209
Figure 1. Burundi / Public debt, fiscal and current account deficits 209
Figure 2. Burundi / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 209
CABO VERDE 211
Figure 1. Cabo Verde / GDP per capita and debt outlook 211
Figure 2. Cabo Verde / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 211
CAMEROON 213
Figure 1. Cameroon / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 213
Figure 2. Cameroon / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 213
CENTRAL AFRICAN REP 215
Figure 1. Central African Republic / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 215
Figure 2. Central African Republic / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 215
CHAD 217
Figure 1. Chad / GDP growth, current account and fiscal balance 217
Figure 2. Chad / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 217
COMOROS 219
Figure 1. Comoros / Selected macroeconomic indicators 219
Figure 2. Comoros / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 219
DEMOCRATIC REP. OF CONGO 221
Figure 1. Democratic Republic of Congo / Real GDP growth and sectoral contributions to real GDP growth 221
Figure 2. Democratic Republic of Congo / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 221
REPUBLIC OF CONGO 223
Figure 1. Republic of Congo / Real GDP growth and sectoral contributions to real GDP growth 223
Figure 2. Republic of Congo / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 223
COTE D'IVOIRE 225
Figure 1. Cote d'Ivoire / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 225
Figure 2. Cote d'Ivoire / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 225
EQUATORIAL GUINEA 227
Figure 1. Equatorial Guinea / Hydrocarbon production (in thousands of barrels per day of oil equivalent) 227
Figure 2. Equatorial Guinea / Non-income poverty indicators 227
ERITREA 229
Figure 1. Eritrea / Evolution of total public debt 229
Figure 2. Eritrea / Primary and overall fiscal balances 229
ESWATINI 231
Figure 1. Eswatini / Fiscal deficit and SACU revenue 231
Figure 2. Eswatini / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 231
ETHIOPIA 233
Figure 1. Ethiopia / Gross foreign exchange reserves 233
Figure 2. Ethiopia / Evolution of inflation, y-o-y percentage change 233
GABON 235
Figure 1. Gabon / Debt and fiscal balance 235
Figure 2. Gabon / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 235
THE GAMBIA 237
Figure 1. The Gambia / Actual and projected fiscal and primary balance 237
Figure 2. The Gambia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 237
GHANA 239
Figure 1. Ghana / Real GDP growth and contributions to real GDP growth 239
Figure 2. Ghana / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 239
GUINEA 241
Figure 1. Guinea / Primary and overall fiscal balance 241
Figure 2. Guinea / Food security status of the population (January 2021) 241
GUINEA-BISSAU 243
Figure 1. Guinea-Bissau / Evolution of main economic indicators 243
Figure 2. Guinea-Bissau / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 243
KENYA 245
Figure 1. Kenya / Real GDP growth and sectoral contributions to real GDP growth 245
Figure 2. Kenya / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 245
LESOTHO 247
Figure 1. Lesotho / Real GDP growth and sectoral contributions to real GDP growth 247
Figure 2. Lesotho / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 247
LIBERIA 249
Figure 1. Liberia / Real GDP growth and sectoral contributions to real GDP growth 249
Figure 2. Liberia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 249
MADAGASCAR 251
Figure 1. Madagascar / Growth and income per capita levels 251
Figure 2. Madagascar / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 251
MALAWI 253
Figure 1. Malawi / Fiscal deficit and public debt 253
Figure 2. Malawi / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 253
MALI 255
Figure 1. Mali / GDP growth, fiscal and current account balances 255
Figure 2. Mali / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 255
MAURITANIA 257
Figure 1. Mauritania / Evolution of main macroeconomic indicators 257
Figure 2. Mauritania / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 257
MAURITIUS 259
Figure 1. Mauritius / General government balance and debt 259
Figure 2. Mauritius / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 259
MOZAMBIQUE 261
Figure 1. Mozambique / Real GDP growth and sectoral contributions to real GDP growth 261
Figure 2. Mozambique / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 261
NAMIBIA 263
Figure 1. Namibia / Budget balance and SACU revenues 263
Figure 2. Namibia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 263
NIGER 265
Figure 1. Niger / Real GDP growth and sectoral contributions to real GDP growth 265
Figure 2. Niger / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 265
NIGERIA 267
Figure 1. Nigeria / Oil price shock transmission channels 267
Figure 2. Nigeria / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 267
RWANDA 269
Figure 1. Rwanda / Primary deficit, interest payments, and public debt 269
Figure 2. Rwanda / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 269
SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE 271
Figure 1. Sao Tome and Príncipe / Domestic revenue and grants 271
Figure 2. Sao Tome and Príncipe / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 271
SENEGAL 273
Figure 1. Senegal / Evolution of main macroeconomic indicators 273
Figure 2. Senegal / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 273
SEYCHELLES 275
Figure 1. Seychelles / Fiscal balance and public sector debt 275
Figure 2. Seychelles / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 275
SIERRA LEONE 277
Figure 1. Sierra Leone / Real GDP growth and sectoral contributions to real GDP growth 277
Figure 2. Sierra Leone / Actual and projected poverty and real GDP per capita 277
SOMALIA 279
Figure 1. Somalia / Overall budget balance 279
Figure 2. Somalia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 279
SOUTH AFRICA 281
Figure 1. South Africa / Real GDP and employment 281
Figure 2. South Africa / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 281
SOUTH SUDAN 283
Figure 1. South Sudan / Exchange rate developments 283
Figure 2. South Sudan / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 283
TANZANIA 285
Figure 1. Tanzania / Real GDP growth forecasts under alternative scenarios 285
Figure 2. Tanzania / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 285
TOGO 287
Figure 1. Togo / Evolution of fiscal indicators 287
Figure 2. Togo / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 287
UGANDA 289
Figure 1. Uganda / Fiscal adjustment 289
Figure 2. Uganda / Actual and projected poverty rates and real private consumption per capita 289
ZAMBIA 291
Figure 1. Zambia / Developments in the current account balance (2013-21) 291
Figure 2. Zambia / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 291
ZIMBABWE 293
Figure 1. Zimbabwe / Exchange rates 293
Figure 2. Zimbabwe / Actual and projected poverty rates and real GDP per capita 293
