목차
CONTENTS
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 5
LIST OF FIGURES 6
LIST OF TABLES 6
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7
KEY FINDINGS 8
INTRODUCTION 9
2.1. Background and EU policy landscape 9
2.2. Scope and Objective of the Study 11
2.3. Methodology 11
PART 1: THE STATE OF PLAY: THE IMPACT OF THE RISING COST OF LIVING AND THE
ENERGY CRISIS 14
3.1. Gender equality and women’s income 14
3.2. Women’s participation in the labour market 16
3.3. The rising cost of living through a gender lens 19
3.3.1. The impact of inflation on the affordability of basic necessities 21
3.3.2. Food 23
3.3.3. Health 24
3.4. The gendered impact of the energy crisis 26
3.4.1. The gender face of energy poverty 27
3.4.2. Transport poverty through a gender lens 29
3.5. Gender equality driving sustainable livelihood for women 29
PART 2: THE POLICY REACTION: MITIGATING THE RISING COST OF LIVING AND THE IMPACT
OF THE ENERGY CRISIS 31
4.1. Member State level 32
4.1.1. National policy initiatives 32
4.1.2. A gender lens on the NECPs 33
4.1.3. Renewable Energy Communities Policies 35
4.2. EU funded projects 36
PART 3: THE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTORS’ POLICY, LEGAL AND FINANCIAL
INSTRUMENTS 41
5.1. The gendered impact of the rising cost of living and the energy crisis 41
5.2. Recommendations based on good practices 42
5.3. Conclusions 44
REFERENCES 46
ANNEX: INTERVIEW GUIDE FOR ENERGY POVERTY EXPERT 53