Summary 1

Introduction 1

Intelligent vehicles of the future? Connected and automated 2

EU policy objectives 4

EU legislative framework 5

  Putting CAVs on EU roads: From strategy to deployment 5

  Data on wheels: governing privacy in connected cars 6

  Cybersecurity: Enabling safe, connected and automated mobility 6

  Liability 8

Challenges related to CAV deployment 10

  User acceptance and public trust 11

Re‑thinking transport and mobility 11

  Mobility 12

  Workforce changes 12

Policy views 13

Main references 14

Endnotes 14