Introduction 1
Section 1. The basis of the current Program 4
1.1. The earlier FKPs and their importance 5
1.2. The previous FKP-2015 Program, and the influence of its results on the main
directions of the FKP-2025 15
1.3. The FKP-2025 development and approval process 23
Section 2. Contents, general goals and tasks of the FKP-2025 Program 30
Section 3. Directions of interest of space activity in the FKP-2025 and their planned provision 36
3.1. Communication satellites and systems 36
3.2. ERS satellites 42
3.3. Spacecraft for fundamental space research and for technical research 51
3.4. Manned astronautics 58
3.5. Launch systems and interplanetary transportation vehicles 62
3.6. Ground based TT&C infrastructure and facilities 72
Section 4. Feasibility assessment of the FKP-2025 and notable items 73
Conclusions 78
Referenced CST reports 79
Non-CST references 80
Appendix A – Attachment 4, Section I, Sub-section 1 – Satellite communications 81
Appendix B – Attachment 4, Section I, Sub-section 2 – Earth Remote Sensing (ERS) 83
Appendix C – Attachment 4, Section I, Sub-section 3 – Spacecraft for fundamental space studies and for technical studies 85
Appendix D – Attachment 4, Section I, Sub-section 4 – Manned Astronautics 86
Appendix E – Attachment 4, Section I, Sub-section 5 – Launch Systems and Interplanetary Transportation Vehicles 87
Appendix F - Attachment 4, Section I, Sub-section 6 – On-ground TT&C Infrastructure and facilities 88