Key Takeaways 1
Introduction 3
Background and Methodology 5
Importance of EVs and EV Batteries and the US Role 5
China’s Electric Vehicle Industry 6
How Innovative Are China’s EV and EV Batteries Industries? 12
　Product Innovation 13
　　EV Battery Innovation 13
　　EV Innovation 15
　　Other Vehicle Innovations  18
　Process Innovation 18
　Market- and Customer-Experience-Driven Innovation  20
Innovation Inputs to China’s EV Sector 21
　R&D Intensity 21
　Scientific Publications 22
　Patents  25
Company Case Studies 28
　BYD 28
　Li Auto 29
China’s Government Policies Supporting the EV Sector  30
　Subsidies  30
　JVs and Technology Transfer Requirements  32
　IP Theft  32
　Favoring Domestic Enterprises 33
　Other Policies 33
　Analysis of Chinese Policies Supporting the EV Sector 34
What Should America Do?  35
Conclusion  38
Endnotes 39