
목차
Executive summary 1
1 Introduction 2
2 The elderly population is growing while other age groups are shrinking 3
2.1 Demographic trends in EU country groups 3
2.2 Varying trends within country groups 4
Age 0-19: relatively fewer young people 4
Age 20-64: Decline in and ageing of working-age populations 5
Age 65+: booming everywhere 8
3 Drivers of population growth: natural population change and net migration 9
3.1 Long-term assumptions 9
3.2 Baseline results 10
3.3 Results from alternative scenarios 11
4 Policy implications 13
4.1 Eastern Europe 13
Challenges 13
Policy implications 13
4.2 Southern Europe 14
Challenges 14
Policy implications 15
4.3 Western and Northern Europe 16
Challenges 16
Policy implications 16
5 Conclusion 17
References 18
Appendix: Natural population change, net migration and total population change, 2023-2050 20
Baseline
B. Higher migration
C. Lower migration
D. Lower fertility
E. Longer life expectancy