목차
Title page 1
Contents 10
Acknowledgements 3
Executive Summary 4
1.0. Introduction 15
2.0. Context 16
2.1. Future Prospects 17
3.0. Methodology 19
4.0. Eskom's JET Initiatives in South Africa 21
4.1. Key Messages for SPCs on JET 22
4.2. Overview 22
4.3. Role of Eskom in South Africa's Electricity System 23
4.4. Eskom's JET Initiatives 25
4.5. Lessons From Eskom's JET Initiatives 32
5.0. NTPC's Contribution to Renewable Energy Expansion in India 35
5.1. Key Messages for SPCs on the Expansion of Renewable Energy 36
5.2. Overview 36
5.3. Role of NTPC in India's Electricity System 38
5.4. NTPC's Transformation in the Renewable Energy Sector 39
5.5. Lessons From NTPC's Embrace of Renewables 45
6.0. EVN's Efforts to Integrate Renewable Energy Into the Grid in Viet Nam 47
6.1. Key Messages for SPCs on Integrating Renewable Energy 48
6.2. Overview 48
6.3. Role of EVN in Viet Nam's Electricity System 49
6.4. Integrating Renewable Energy Into the Grid 51
6.5. Lessons From EVN's Integration of Renewable Energy Into the Grid 57
7.0. PLN's Experience in the Early Retirement of Coal Power Plants in Indonesia 59
7.1. Key Messages for SPCs on Early Coal Retirement 60
7.2. Overview 60
7.3. PLN's Role in the Electricity System 61
7.4. Challenges of Early Coal Retirement Projects in Indonesia 64
7.5. Lessons From PLN's Early Coal Retirement Experience 69
8.0. Cross-Cutting Findings 71
9.0. Recommendations 72
9.1. Governments 72
9.2. SPCs 73
9.3. International Community 75
References 76
Tables 11
Table ES1. Summary of case study findings - context, actions, and important lessons 5
Table 1. Case study summary: Eskom 21
Table 2. Examples of misleading narratives about Komati power station closure 30
Table 3. Case study summary: NTPC 35
Table 4. NTPC's investments across renewable energy technologies, FY 2024 43
Table 5. Case study summary: EVN 47
Table 6. Case study summary: PLN 59
Figures 11
Figure 1. State-owned energy investments by economy type and sector in 2019 16
Figure 2. Case study topic and respective SPCs in order presented in this report 20
Figure 3. South Africa's electricity supply is heavily dependent on coal 22
Figure 4. Timeline of JET initiatives at Komati power station 27
Figure 5. NTPC installed generation capacity in FY 2024 and targeted capacity in FY 2032 37
Figure 6. India's installed electricity generation capacity by source (in GW) and electricity demand (in TWh) 38
Figure 7. Thermal and renewable annual capacity additions by NTPC and other companies, FY 2019-FY 2024 40
Figure 8. NTPC renewable energy installed capacity under own project mode and developer mode 41
Figure 9. Capacity allocations to winning bidders in utility-scale auctions (FY 2023-FY 2024) 42
Figure 10. Power generation capacity in Viet Nam 49
Figure 11. Viet Nam transmission network in 2022 50
Figure 12. Outline of EVN's governance structure 51
Figure 13. Installed solar capacity in Viet Nam (ground mounted and rooftop solar) in 2024 52
Figure 14. Installed wind capacity in Viet Nam in 2024 53
Figure 15. PLN's oversight structure before Danantara 63
Boxes 12
Box 1. Worker and community concerns 28
Box 2. Finance proposals and options for Eskom just transition initiatives 31
Box 3. Finance and investment for grid infrastructure 56
Box 4. Danantara - an important new chapter for PLN 63
Box 5. Pilot projects for early coal plant retirement 66
Box 6. International financing options for early coal plant retirement 68
