목차
Acknowledgements 2
Disclaimer 3
Abbreviations 4
Foreword by the WTO Director-General 6
Executive summary 8
A. Introduction 14
1. What is AI? 15
2. AI and the future of trade-led growth 16
3. The structure of this report 18
B. AI, trade and inclusive growth: opportunities and challenges 20
1. AI and trade can act as catalysts for trade-led growth 22
2. Trade can play a crucial role in making AI more inclusive. 43
3. Conclusions 54
C. How domestic policies can shape the trade and
AI relationship to favour inclusive economic growth 58
1. Trade policy is critical for inclusive growth driven by AI. 60
2. AI, trade-related and complementary policies are necessary for AI and trade to work together for inclusive growth 69
3. Conclusions 84
D. International cooperation to make trade and AI work for all 86
1. Inclusive AI would benefit from more cooperation at the WTO 88
2. Greater coordination between the WTO and other international organizations is needed for more inclusive AI 103
3. Conclusions 111
Annex A. List of AI-enabling products and economic sectors
Annex A.1. Non-exhaustive list of AI-enabling products 114
Annex A.2. List of sectors by AI intensity 123
Annex B. Key AI terms 124
Annex C. Data and methodology for AI patent citation analysis. 126
Annex D. WTO AI Trade Policy Openness Index (AI-TPOI): Methodology 128
Opinion pieces
Amandeep Singh Gill, “From flow to foresight: how AI is redefining trade” 31
Kate Kallot, “Unlocking AI for all: a Global South perspective” 67
Philippe Aghion, “AI, innovation and inclusive growth” 108
Bibliography 130
