A Stress Test for Resilience: Risks & Opportunities for the U.S.-Japan Alliance

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1

INTRODUCTION 2

THE ALLIANCE UNDER TRUMP 2.0 3

RESILIENCE OF THE ALLIANCE 4

JAPAN’S UNILATERAL DEFENSE EFFORTS 5

JAPAN DEEPENS REGIONAL ENGAGEMENT 6

CHALLENGES TO THE ALLIANCE 7

AN OPPORTUNITY & RISK FOR JAPAN 9

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR A STRONGER ALLIANCE 10

CONCLUSION 13

APPENDIX: BACKGROUND ON THE ALLIANCE 13

ENDNOTES 14