Title page 1

Contents 1

Abstract 2

1. Introduction 4

2. Data 8

2.1. Industrial policy 8

2.2. Exports 10

2.3. Firm outcomes 10

3. Current landscape of Saudi industrial policy 11

4. Empirical analysis of industrial policy efficacy 16

4.1. Impact evaluation on exports 16

4.2. Impact evaluation on domestic outcomes 19

5. Conclusion 25

References 27

Tables 15

Table 1. Number of policies by service industries 15

Table 2. ATT: Average industrial policy on industry and firm outcomes 22

Table 3. ATT: Domestic subsidies IPs on industry and firm outcomes 23

Table 4. ATT: Export incentive IPs on industry and firm outcomes 23

Table 5. ATT: Local content requirement IPs on industry and firm outcomes 24

Figures 12

Figure 1. Saudi Arabia VS. GCC average VS. world average industrial policy over time 12

Figure 2. Saudi Arabia's national industrial policy by policy instruments 12

Figure 3. Industry distribution of Saudi Arabia's industrial policies across years 13

Figure 4. Evolvement of industry distribution of manufacturing IP target 14

Figure 5. Top 10 countries regarding tourism industrial policies 15

Figure 6. Saudi Arabia industrial policy event study on exports 18

Figure 7. Average industrial policy on industry structure 23

Figure 8. Average industrial policy on firm employment, capital and profits 23

Figure 9. Domestic subsidies on firm employment, capital and profits 24

Figure 10. Export incentives on firm employment, capital and profits 24

Figure 11. Local content requirements on firm employment, capital and profits 24