Introduction 4

Data and Methodology 5

Cyber Events 6

Digital Fraud 8

Cyber-Enabled Fraud 8

Payment-Related Fraud 8

Methodology and Limitations 8

Cyber Events 9

Monetary Authorities 13

Credit Intermediation 15

Securities and Commodities Markets and Market Intermediaries 17

Insurance 19

Funds and Trusts 20

ICT Service Providers 21

Digital Fraud 22

Cyber-Enabled Fraud 22

Global 22

Regional Evidence 24

Payment-Related Fraud 24

Conclusion 28

References 29