Executive summary 2

Recommendations at a glance 4

Introduction 4

The evolving global order: why context matters 7

From statecraft to coercion to warfare: why words matter 8

From language to impact: how economic pressure escalates 9

The case for a National Economic Security Strategy: why coherence is needed 12

Architecture for economic security: building on existing foundations 14

From components to capability: stitching the system together 15

Learning from partners: shared challenges, shared solutions 17

Recommendations in detail: building a fused national capability 19

Notes 24

Acronyms and abbreviations 25