Executive summary  -- 1

Introduction  -- 2

The Netherlands: quo vadis?  -- 3

The United Kingdom -- 6

AI institutes in the UK -- 6

AI-related strategic documents  -- 7

International cooperation and the use of Brexit in support of a pro-innovation approach -- 8

AI governance structures  -- 8

Denmark  -- 10

Strategic documents  -- 10

AI strategy in an international context  -- 12

AI supercomputer  -- 13

AI governance structures  -- 13

France  -- 14

AI convening power  -- 14

National AI strategy  -- 14

AI governance structures  -- 16

Singapore  -- 17

AI safety  -- 17

Sectoral focus and human-centred AI  -- 18

A systems-based approach: three systems, ten enablers and 15 actions  -- 19

AI governance structures  -- 19

Summary: all AI strategies in a nutshell  -- 21

Best practices for the Netherlands?  -- 23