Summary and background 2

1 United States and Israeli strikes 4

1.1 What reasons did the US give for the strikes? 5

1.2 Israeli Government statements 7

1.3 What have the US and Israel targeted in Iran? 7

2 Counter-strikes and attacks by Iran and its allies 8

2.1 Iranian counter-strikes and Strait of Hormuz 9

2.2 Actions of Iran-backed armed groups 10

3 Situation in Iran and new leader 14

3.1 Leadership and new Supreme Leader 15

3.2 Iranian society 16

4 UK response to the 2026 conflict 17

4.1 UK backs UN Security Council resolution 17

4.2 UK Government: Statements 18

4.3 UK Government: Military actions and bases 20

4.4 UK Parliament: Debate and response 24