Summary  2

1 What talks have been held in 2026?  5

1.1 Oman-mediated talks, February 2026  5

1.2 Pakistan-mediated talks, early April 2026  5

1.3 Memorandum of understanding, June 2026  8

1.4 US and Iranian domestic actions on the MOU  12

2 Topics in the 2026 US–Iran talks  15

2.1 Iran’s nuclear and ballistic missile programme  15

2.2 Iran’s support for armed and terrorist groups  20

2.3 Freedom of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz  22

2.4 US sanctions and reconstruction  24

3 What have others called for in the talks?  27

3.1 UK and European states  27

3.2 Israel  29

3.3 Arab Gulf states  31

3.4 China and Russia  35

Appendix: Full text of the June 2026 Memorandum of Understanding  36