Title page 1

Contents 1

Abstract 2

1. Introduction 3

2. Elements to consider for a dataset of tariff rates 6

3. Descriptions of public tariff datasets 9

3.1. Calculated duties and customs values: Average applied tariff 9

3.2. Calculated duties and customs values: Implied statutory tariff 10

3.3. WTO-IMF tariff tracker 11

3.4. Global Tariff Database: U.S. Trade War Extension 12

3.5. Trade War Tracker 13

4. Comparison of tariff rates across data sources 14

4.1. Average U.S. tariff rates in 2025 14

4.2. Average U.S. tariff rates by exporter 17

4.3. Average U.S. tariff rates by industry 21

5. Alternative approaches for aggregating tariff rates 22

6. Conclusion 24

References 25

Figure 1. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 15

Figure 2. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Merchandise Imports from China 18

Figure 3. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Merchandise Imports from Japan 19

Figure 4. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Merchandise Imports from Canada 20

Figure 5. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Merchandise Imports from Mexico 20

Figure 6. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Metals (HS Chapters 72-83) 21

Figure 7. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Vegetables (HS Chapters 06-15) 22

Figure 8. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 Using Different Aggregation Approaches 24

Figure A.1. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Merchandise Imports from South Korea 27

Figure A.2. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Merchandise Imports from Vietnam 27

Figure A.3. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Merchandise Imports from Switzerland 28

Figure A.4. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Animal Products (HS Chapters 01-05) 28

Figure A.5. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Foodstuffs (HS Chapters 16-24) 29

Figure A.6. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Mineral Products (HS Chapters 25-27) 29

Figure A.7. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Chemicals (HS Chapters 28-38) 30

Figure A.8. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Plastics/Rubbers (HS Chapters 39-40) 30

Figure A.9. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Raw Hides/Skins/Leathers (HS Chapters 41-43) 31

Figure A.10. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Wood Products (HS Chapters 44-49) 31

Figure A.11. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Textiles (HS Chapters 50-63) 32

Figure A.12. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Footwear/Headgear (HS Chapters 64-67) 32

Figure A.13. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Stone/Glass (HS Chapters 68-71) 33

Figure A.14. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Machinery/Electrical (HS Chapters 84-85) 33

Figure A.15. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Transportation (HS Chapters 86-89) 34

Figure A.16. Average U.S. Tariff in 2025 for Miscellaneous (HS Chapters 90-97) 34