Title page 1

Contents 1

Abstract 2

1. Introduction 3

2. Background and Related Literature 4

3. Aggregate Evidence 5

4. Evidence from Census Microdata 7

4.1. Data and Sample Construction 7

4.2. Empirical Strategy 9

4.3. Results 10

5. Conclusion 12

References 12

Appendix A. Figures and Tables 15

Table 1. Identified Harmonized System (HS) Codes for Industrial Robots 17

Table 2. Summary Statistics across Two Samples 18

Table 3. The Impact of Minimum Wage on Robot Adoption 19

Figure 1. State-Level Exposure to Robots and Minimum Wage 15

Figure 2. IFR Aggregate Robot Installation vs Robot Imports in the U.S. 16