Key Takeaways 1

Introduction 3

The History of U.S. Regulatory Transformation 4

  Common Law Governance Through Negative Law: 1789–1890s 4

  Governance of Abuses: 1890s–1961 5

  Regulatory State Peak Development: 1961–Mid-1970s 5

  The Regulatory State in Tension: Late 1970s–Present 6

  Problems With the Contested Regulatory State 8

From the Regulatory State to the Developmental State 9

  A New Federal-State Division of Labor: Preemption 10

    Internet, E-commerce, and AI Regulatory Preemption 12

    Industry Product Regulation Preemption 13

    National Infrastructure 15

    Simplifying Antitrust 15

    Opposition to Federal Preemption 16

  A New Federal-State Division of Labor: Devolution 17

  Adopt Regulatory Carveouts for Key National Power Industries and Projects 19

  Tilt Agency Regulation to Consider Automation, Productivity, and Competitiveness 23

  End Small Business Preferentialism 24

  Make Antitrust Support Techno-Economic Power 24

  Embrace Innovation- and Build-Friendly Regulation 26

Barriers to Change 27

Conclusion 27

Endnotes 29