Summary 1

Introduction 2

Methodology 4

Diagnosis: current gaps in private-sector preparedness 5

  Perceptions of EU integration and the political economy of expectations 6

  Information, knowledge gaps and the accessibility of EU processes 7

  Awareness and accessibility of EU funding opportunities 9

  Engagement, advocacy and representation in policymaking 10

  Competitiveness, innovation and preparedness for the single market 11

  The role of governments and the EU in supporting early engagement 12

  Current support ecosystems and missing elements 14

  Risks and vulnerabilities during the accession process 15

  Opportunities from early engagement: unlocking the EU before accession 16

A strategic toolbox for private-sector actors 18

  Regulatory engagement and advocacy readiness 18

  Access to EU funding and project participation 19

  Capability building and institutional capacity 19

  Monitoring progress and measuring readiness 20

  Differentiated pathways to readiness 20

Policy recommendations

  Recommendations for national governments in candidate countries 21

  Strategic rationale 23

Conclusions 23

  Findings 23

  Limitations of this policy brief 25

  Next steps and areas for further research 26