1 The Online Safety Act 2023 2

2. Which services are in scope of the act? 2

3 Ofcom’s role 3

3.1 Codes of practice 3

3.2 Proportionality 4

3.3 Enforcement powers 5

3.4 Online safety complaints 5

4 Protecting users from illegal content 6

4.1 Priority offences added to schedule 7 6

4.2 AI chatbots and illegal content 8

5 Protecting children 8

6 Categories of service 10

6.1 Additional duties for categorised services 12

7 Investigations and enforcement 14

8 Criticism of the act 15

8.1 Freedom of expression16

8.2 Age assurance, privacy and data security 17

8.3 Technology notices and end-to-end encryption 18

8.4 Concerns that the act isn’t strong or effective enough 19