Executive summary 6

Policy priorities at the intersection of zero waste and energy systems decarbonisation 9

Introduction 12

Waste, circularity and impacts on greenhouse gas emissions 14

Three high-potential action areas at the intersection of waste reduction, resource efficiency and energy systems decarbonisation 23

 Waste prevention and material efficiency 25

 Collection, sorting and recycling 30

 Sustainable energy recovery 37

Policy options to accelerate emissions savings through waste reduction and circularity 44

Annex 50

 Abbreviations and acronyms 50

 Units of measure 50