• 주제별 국가전략
  • 전체

A New Age of Nations Power and Advantage in the AI Era

(국가의 새로운 시대 : AI 시대의 힘과 우위)

□ 이 보고서는 인공지능(AI)을 산업혁명에 필적하는 범용기술로 규정하고, AI 시대의 국가 경쟁력이 반도체·데이터·연산 능력 등 기술의 우위만으로 결정되지 않는다고 진단한다. 

 기술적 선도는 필수 조건이지만, 장기적 경쟁 우위는 AI를 사회 전반에 확산·흡수해 실제 문제 해결과 제도 운영에 활용할 수 있는 국가 구조와 역량에 달려 있다고 본다. 

 즉, AI 경쟁의 본질은 기술 확보가 아니라 기술을 효과적으로 적용·조정·관리하는 사회적 능력에 있다는 점이다.

□ 보고서는 국가적 차원의 추진 의지, 정책을 효과적으로 설계·집행할 수 있는 거버넌스와 제도적 역량, 사회 전반에 형성된 신뢰 기반, 구성원 모두가 참여할 수 있는 공정한 기회 구조, 그리고 인간의 자율성과 주체성을 AI 시대 국가 경쟁력을 좌우하는 핵심 요소로 제시한다. 

 AI가 생산성과 효율성을 크게 높이더라도 이러한 사회적 기반이 뒷받침되지 않을 경우, 정치적 불안정과 사회적 분열이 심화되어 제도에 대한 신뢰가 약화되고 국가 경쟁력이 오히려 훼손될 수 있다고 경고한다. 

 결론적으로 AI 경쟁은 기술 자체의 우열 문제가 아니라, AI를 사회에 어떻게 통합하고 인간의 역량을 확장하느냐에 달린 사회 조직과 거버넌스의 경쟁임을 강조한다.

목차

About This Publication iii

Summary v

Figures and Tables xiii


CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1

 The Argument 3

 The Gateway to a New AI Era 5

 Adding to a Wave of Change: AI and Major Trends 6

 AI and the Future of Human Agency 7

 Scope and Approach 9

 The Organizational Scheme: A Framework for Understanding National Competitive Advantage 10

 Coming to Grips with a Historical Transformation 13


CHAPTER 2 The Artificial Intelligence Revolution: Definitions and Prospects 17

 Defining AI 17

 A Swarm Rather Than a Singularity 18

 Defining Artificial General Intelligence 20

 The Possibility of an Escalating Feedback Loop 22

 The Essential Priority: AI Alignment 23

 AI’s Prospects: A Great Deal Is About to Change 25

 Beyond the Incremental Effects: A More Radical Future 30


CHAPTER 3 The Character of the Coming Artificial Intelligence Revolution: Three Scenarios 39

 The Surprising Deliberateness—and Social Cost—of the Industrial Revolution 40

 The Coming AI Revolution: Three Scenarios 41

 The Implications for Strategy 48


CHAPTER 4 Lessons from Previous Technological Revolutions 55

 The Foundations of Competitive Advantage in a Technological Revolution 55

 The Costs and Risks of Technological Revolutions 57

 Technological Revolutions and the Nature of Competitive Advantage 59

 Summary: The Lessons of History 61


CHAPTER 5 National Ambition and Willpower 67

 Defining National Ambition and Willpower 68

 A Jolt to National Self-Confidence 69

 The Capacity for National Projects 70

 How It Could Go Wrong: Indolence, Hubris, and Overreach 70

 Summary: Rolling the Dice on Human Motivation 73


CHAPTER 6 Unified National Identity 77

 AI and National Identity: Baseline Implications 78

 A Society Remade 79

 AI Actors Manipulating the Social Scene 82

 The Risks of AI-Empowered Fragmentation 83

 Overall Implications: National Solidarity in the Crosshairs 86


CHAPTER 7 Shared Opportunity 91

 Defining Shared Opportunity and Its Value 92

 The Enlightenment Ideal and the AI Future 93

 Making AI Serve Human Agency Will Take a Profound Act of Collective Will 94

 Risks: Fading Incentives to Seize Opportunities 96

 The Peril of Algorithmic Tyranny 98

 AI, the Job Killer 98

 The Risk of an Oligarchy of Opportunity 100

 Summary: The Potential for a New Enlightenment or a Stifling Oligarchy 101


CHAPTER 8 An Active State 107

 Defining the Characteristic of an Active State 108

 A Leading Imperative: Good Governance 109

 AI and the Active State 111

 Planning and Decisionmaking: AI’s Benefits and Limitations 113

 Hollowing Out Rather Than Empowering or Empowering Too Well 114

 Summary: Using AI to Revitalize the Active State 116


CHAPTER 9 Effective Institutions 119

 Defining the Characteristic of Effective Institutions 120

 AI and Institutions: Efficient Organizations 122

 AI and Organizational Fairness 123

 A Leading Danger: Supercharging Bureaucracy and Arbitrary Rule by Algorithms 124

 AI and the Social Role of Institutions: The Problem of Social Capital 126

 Summary: Real Potential, Unclear Prospects 128


CHAPTER 10 A Learning and Adapting Society 131

 Defining the Characteristic of a Learning and Adapting Society 132

 AI as Fuel for Creativity and Learning 133

 AI, Experimentation, and Adapting to a New Era 134

 The Risks: Our Epistemic Crisis and AI 135

 Killing the Impulse to Learn: Cognitive Off-Loading 136

 Summary: The Benefits Are Likely—But the Risks Are Profound 138


CHAPTER 11 Competitive Diversity and Pluralism 141

 Defining the Characteristic of Competitive Diversity and Pluralism 142

 AI and Diversity 143

 AI and Pluralism 144

 A Leading Risk: AI-Fueled Social Divisions 145

 Summary: Here Come Some Volatile Feedback Loops 146


CHAPTER 12 A Strategy for National Advantage in the Artificial Intelligence Era 149

 The Route to Competitive Advantage: Fostering Individual and Collective Agency in the AI Era 151

 Essential Components of a U.S. AI Strategy 152

 Steps to Nourish the Societal Sources of Competitive Advantage: A Campaign of National Renewal 154

 Summary: A Daunting—But Essential—Agenda 167


Abbreviations 171

References 173

About the Author 195

해시태그

#AI거버넌스 #AI경쟁력 #AI도입 #국가경쟁력 #AI지정학 #AI안보 #미중기술경쟁 #기술패권

관련자료

AI 요약·번역·분석 서비스

AI를 활용한 보고서 요약·번역과 실시간 질의응답 서비스입니다.

A New Age of Nations Power and Advantage in the AI Era

(국가의 새로운 시대 : AI 시대의 힘과 우위)

번역 PDF 파일의 원문 형태 그대로 번역

국가전략포털에서 실시간 AI 질의응답 서비스를 시작합니다. 4가지 유형의 요약과 번역을 이용해보시고, 보고서에 대해 추가로 알고 싶은 내용이 있으면 채팅창을 통해 자유롭게 AI에게 물어볼 수 있습니다.

※ 제공하는 정보는 참고용이며, 정확한 사실 확인이 필요할 수 있습니다. 민감한 개인정보는 입력하지 마십시오.