Title page 1

Contents 1

Overview and Outlook 2

U.S.-Israel Military Cooperation and Congressional Debate 2

Confronting Iran and Its Allies After October 2023 2

Regional Security Implications: Iran and Its Allies, Abraham Accords, and Turkey 4

International Views on Israel and Palestinian Statehood 7

Israeli 2026 Elections and Domestic Politics 9

Key Strategic Areas for U.S.-Israel Relations 13

Iran 13

Lebanon 16

Gaza 19

West Bank 23

Syria 29

Yemen 30

Issues for Congress 30

Recent U.S. Aid and Arms Sales to Israel 30

Role of Congress and Key Questions 32

Appendix A. Israel: Map and Basic Facts 35

Appendix B. Main Israeli Parties and Their Leaders 36

Author Information 38

Disclaimer 39

Table 1. Israeli Government: Key Positions 10

Figure 1. Lebanon: Pilot Zones and Israeli Military Positions 18

Figure 2. Gaza Transition: Key Entities 20

Figure 3. Gaza Ceasefire Lines: October 2025 21

Figure 4. Reported Gaza Lines of Control: June 2026 22

Figure 5. Selected Events Affecting West Bank Control 24