Title page

Contents

Preface 4

I. The Foundations of National Strategy: Goals and Interests 5

Enduring Elements of Our National Strategy 5

Our Interests and Objectives in the 1990s 6

II. Trends in the World Today: Opportunities and Uncertainties 8

The Crisis in Communism 8

The Industrial Democracies 8

The Global Economy 9

Third World Conflicts 9

Trends in Weaponry 9

Illicit Drugs 10

Refugees 10

Issues for the Future 10

III. Regional Challenges and Responses 12

The Soviet Union 12

Western Europe 13

Eastern Europe 14

The Western Hemisphere 15

East Asia and the Pacific 15

The Middle East and South Asia 16

Africa 16

IV. Relating Means to Ends:Our Political Agenda 18

Alliance Relationships 18

Arms Control 18

Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (START) 19

Defense and Space 19

Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) 19

Chemical Weapons 19

Open Skies 20

Confidence- and Security-Building Measures 20

Nuclear Testing 20

Proliferation 20

Naval Forces 20

The Contest of Ideas and the Nurturing of Democracy 21

Economic and Security Assistance 21

Military Openness 22

V. Relating Means to Ends: Our Economic Agenda 23

Global Imbalances 23

Debt 23

Trade 23

Technology 24

Energy 24

VI. Relating Means to Ends: Our Defense Agenda 25

Overall Priorities 25

Deterring Nuclear War 26

Strategic Offensive Forces 26

Strategic Defenses 26

Theater Nuclear Forces 27

Command, Control and Communications 27

Deterring Conventional War 27

Forward Defense through Forward Presence 27

Sharing the Responsibilities of Collective Defense 28

Forces for the Third World 28

The Mobilization Base 29

Chemical Warfare 29

Space 29

Low-Intensity Conflict 30

Drug Trafficking 30

Intelligence Programs 31

Planning for the Future 31

VII. A Public Trust 33

The Defense Management Review 33

Reducing Overhead Costs While Maintaining Military Strength 33

Enhancing Program Performance 33

Reinvigorating Planning and Budgeting 33

Reducing Micromanagement 33

Strengthening the Defense Industrial Base 34

Improving the Observance of Ethical Standards 34

Congress and the American People 34