목차
Executive summary 8
Global trends 15
Demand: Global electricity use posts strong growth to 2026 15
Emerging economies are the engines of global electricity demand growth 15
China has the largest increase in electricity demand, while India sees the fastest growth 17
Southeast Asia and India make strides in per capita electricity use, but Africa lags behind 19
Spotlight: Navigating the uncertainties in the recovery of EU electricity demand 20
Global electricity demand from data centres could double towards 2026 31
Rising self-consumption in distributed systems and data collection challenges 37
Supply: Clean electricity to meet all additional demand out to 2026 40
Renewables overtake coal as the largest source of global electricity supply in 2025 40
Coal constrained by renewables in China, but not in other parts of Asia 42
Spotlight: Nuclear generation will reach a new record high by 2025 44
Hydropower generation was reduced in 2023 in numerous regions due to weather impact 55
The supply chain of gas turbines is geographically concentrated in different ways 56
Emissions: CO2 from electricity sector entering a structural decline 61
China accounts for half of the decline in global power generation emissions to 2026 61
China, the United States and European Union lead declines in power sector emissions 62
Emission intensity of the power sector to fall at an unprecedented rate 63
Prices: Wholesale electricity prices fall from record highs 65
Electricity prices in many regions still remain above pre-pandemic levels 65
What does energy-intensive industry pay for electricity across the world? 69
Household electricity prices and affordability 73
Reliability: Monitoring electricity security remains essential 76
Specific measures and markets for system inertia are becoming common 76
Extreme weather events caused large-scale power outages in 2023 78
Supply and grid issues led to major outages mostly in emerging and developing countries 80
Understanding the human factor in power disruptions and outages 82
Regional focus 88
Asia Pacific 88
Americas 110
Europe 121
Eurasia 138
Middle East 142
Africa 148
Annexes 159
Summary tables 159
Regional and country groupings 164
Abbreviations and acronyms 166
Units of measure 168
