목차
Foreword: Message from the Minister of Foreign Affairs 2
Foreword: Message from the Minister of Northern Affairs 3
Foreword: Message from the Minister of National Defence 4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5
STRATEGIC CHALLENGES IN THE ARCTIC 6
1. Russia since 2022 7
2. Evolving security threats across the Arctic 8
3. Adapting to new dynamics for Arctic governance 11
4. Climate change: the overarching threat 13
5. Increasing challenges to Arctic states’ primacy 14
Arctic Foreign Policy pillars 16
Asserting Canada’s sovereignty 17
1. Leveraging diplomacy to support national defence and security 17
i. Bridging the intelligence gap 19
ii. Strengthening research security 20
iii. Partnering with the Canadian Coast Guard to support defence and security 21
iv. Strengthening regional defence and security architectures 22
2. Upholding the rules-based international order 23
i. Managing Arctic boundaries through a rules-based approach 24
Advancing Canada’s interests through pragmatic diplomacy 26
1. Strengthening Canada’s partnerships with Arctic allies 26
i. The United States 26
ii. The Nordic states 27
iii. The North American Arctic: Alaska and Greenland 28
2. Holding Russia accountable 30
3. Pragmatic diplomacy with non-Arctic states and actors 31
Leadership on Arctic governance and multilateral challenges 34
1. Reinforcing the Arctic Council 35
2. Addressing regional and global challenges 36
i. Climate change and environmental protection 36
ii. The Arctic Ocean 38
Adopting a more inclusive approach to Arctic diplomacy 39
1. Ensuring Arctic diplomacy is informed by and benefits Arctic and northern Indigenous Peoples and other northerners 39
i. Arctic ambassador 40
ii. Northern and Indigenous diplomacy on the world stage 41
iii. Northern and Indigenous representation at Global Affairs Canada 42
2. Advancing Indigenous and northern foreign policy priorities 43
i. Cross-border mobility 43
ii. Market access 44
iii. Indigenous Knowledge and participation 45
iv. Indigenous languages 45
v. Supporting northern and Indigenous trade and export 46
3. Transforming Global Affairs Canada’s domestic engagement processes 46
CONCLUSION 47
ANNEX: Canada’s Arctic Foreign Policy development process and Canada’s Arctic nd Northern Policy Framework (ANPF), published in 2019 48
