목차
Title page 1
Contents 3
Acknowledgments 2
Executive summary 4
1. Introduction and context 8
2. A behavioral approach to climate policy 11
3. Climate change perceptions 16
4. Support for government policies and awareness 24
5. Energy efficiency and heating and cooling practices 31
6. Solid waste management 39
7. Barriers to the adoption of climate-friendly behaviors and technologies 43
8. Information treatment 46
9. Policy recommendations 49
9.1) Communication-related solutions 51
A. Use trusted messengers 51
B. Use the preferred channels for different segments of the population 51
C. Raise awareness about the broad support for climate action using social norms 52
D. Highlight future gains over present costs 53
E. Clarify policy mechanisms 54
F. Leverage different types of information or messages 54
G. Harness innovative channels and platforms to address existing narratives surrounding climate 55
9.2) System and program-level solutions 56
A. Use "choice architecture" to constrain unsustainable behaviors 56
B. Consider the distributional angle in the design and implementation of support programs 57
C. Reduce sludge in accessing support programs 58
10. Conclusion 60
References 63
Appendix A The survey and sample 68
Tables 50
Table 1. Barriers to Sustainable Behaviors and their Corresponding Solutions 50
Figures 13
Figure 1. Behavioral Approach to Informing Climate Change Policies 13
Figure 2. Perceptions of Global Warming 17
Figure 3. Second-Order Beliefs about the Seriousness of Climate Change among Citizens 18
Figure 4. Levels of Belief that the Government Frequently Overstates the Impact of Climate Change 19
Figure 5. Willingness to Make Lifestyle Changes 20
Figure 6. Factors Influencing Willingness to Change Lifestyle 21
Figure 7. Factors Influencing the Perception of Climate Change Being Overstated by the Government 22
Figure 8. Factors Influencing the Perception of Climate Change's Being Real 23
Figure 9. Awareness of Government Support Programs 25
Figure 10. Factors Influencing Awareness of Government Support Programs in Europe and Central Asia, 2024 26
Figure 11. Support for Incentives, Taxes, and Bans to Promote Sustainability in Europe and Central Asia, 2024 27
Figure 12. Factors Influencing Support for Different Government Policies Fostering Sustainability in Europe and Central Asia, 2024 28
Figure 13. Heating Technology Use by Type and Country 32
Figure 14. Adequacy of Home Insulation Level by Country 33
Figure 15. Ownership of Energy-Efficient Technologies by Country 34
Figure 16. Intention to Upgrade to Energy-Efficient Technologies in the Next Two Years by Country 35
Figure 17. Factors Influencing Intentions to Upgrade to Sustainable Technology 36
Figure 18. Sorting and Separate Disposal of Waste in the Europe and Central Asia Region by Subregion and Country, 2024 40
Figure 19. Willingness to Pay More for Improved Waste Services in the Europe and Central Asia Region by Subregion and Country 41
Figure 20. Factors that Influence Willingness to Pay More for Improved Waste Management Service 42
Figure 21. Barriers to the Adoption of Environment-Friendly Technology in the Europe and Central Asia Region by Subregion and Country, 2024 44
Figure 22. Barriers to the Adoption of Energy-Efficient Technologies and Waste Management 45
Figure 23. Impacts of the Information Treatments 48
Figure 24. Trusted Messengers of Climate Change Information 51
Figure 25. Preferred Communication Channels 52
Figure 26. "Home Energy Report" with Social Norms 53
Figure 27. "The Solar API" 54
Figure 28. Differentiation of Containers for Waste in Romania 57
Figure 29. The Clean Air Priority Program (CAPP) Beneficiary Journey in Poland 59
Figure 30. Sociodemographics of the Survey Sample 69
Figure 31. Factors Influencing Awareness of Support Programs 75
Appendix Tables 70
Table A1. Summary of Sample Numbers, Data Collection Dates, and Methodology 70
Table A2. Summary of Descriptive Statistics of the Sample 72
Table A3. Experiment Sample Distribution 73
