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Title page 1
Contents 2
Introduction 3
Key Themes in the Space Economy 5
The U.S. Government Is a Key Industry Customer and Investor 5
Technological Advancements by Government and Industry Enable Commercial Growth 6
Miniaturization 6
Sensor Improvements 7
Launch Vehicle Innovations 7
Launch Plays a Central Role in the Space Industry, Largely Because of SpaceX 8
SpaceX Leads Market Consolidation in Multiple Sectors 9
The Space Sensing Market Is Poised for Growth 11
Advanced Technology Companies Show Economic and Security Promise 13
U.S. Policy Recommendations 17
Foster Innovation Through Strategic Investment 17
Encourage Competition and Market Resilience 17
Strengthen Regulatory Frameworks 18
Conclusion 19
Author 20
Acknowledgments 20
Endnotes 21
Tables 15
Table 1. Advanced Space Technology Subgroups 15
Figures 9
Figure 1. Number of Payloads Launched (1980-2023) 9
Figure 2. U.S. Launch Company Share of Launches Over Time 10
Figure 3. Remote Sensing Company Founding Dates and Statuses (1980-2021) 11
Figure 4. Remote Sensing Phenomenology and Companies 12
Figure 5. Advanced Technology Company Founding Dates and Statuses (1980-2023) 14
