목차
Executive summary 1
1 Introduction 5
2 Critical minerals: Global and U.S. demand 6
2.1 Minerals defined as critical in the U.S. 6
2.2 Current consumption of critical minerals in the U.S. 7
2.3 Current and future global demand for critical minerals 9
2.4 The magnitude and risks of U.S. dependency on imported critical minerals 13
3 Opportunities in the critical minerals sector in Africa 23
3.1 Critical mineral reserves in Africa 23
3.2 Mining and processing of critical minerals in Africa 23
3.3 Business opportunities in infrastructure and energy for Africa 26
3.4 The role of Africa’s critical minerals in global climate action 28
3.5 Progress in governance 31
3.6 Review of competitor regions: Latin America and Indonesia 32
4 Ways to harness Africa’s critical mineral potential through strong U.S.-Africa partnerships 35
4.1 Recommendations for African government actions to attract U.S. investments in critical minerals and related sectors 35
4.2 Recommendations for U.S. engagement in the African critical minerals sector 39
5 Benefits of strong critical minerals partnerships to Africa and the U.S. 46
5.1 The market outlook for critical minerals mining and refining in Africa 46
5.2 The mining sector’s contribution to African economies 47
5.3 Jobs in the mining sector 48
5.4 The benefits to the U.S. economy of critical mineral partnerships with African countries 52
6 A call for action 53
Annex 1 The U.S. critical minerals 2022 list 54
Annex 2 African share of world production of critical minerals 2023 56
Annex 3 Sources for critical mineral contributions to selected African economies (Figures 21 and 22) 60
References 64
