Title page 1

Contents 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2

1. INTRODUCTION 3

2. BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT 3

3. METHODOLOGY 5

4. CASE STUDIES 6

4.1. Case Study 1: Ireland: Strengthening partnerships between industry, academia, and unions; leveraging multiple data sources and an insights... 6

4.2. Case Study 2: Germany: International and domestic efforts for continuous skilling and securing a demand-matched labour supply 8

4.3. Case Study 3: Australia: User-centred approach to modernising skills framework supported by collaborations across national and regional systems 11

4.4. Case Study 4: Singapore and India: Innovative ‘skills first’ approaches 14

4.5. Case Study 5: US Regional Spotlight: Integrated approach towards talent and foreign direct investment (FDI) attraction activities 17

5. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CANADA: TOWARDS A NATIONAL SKILLS STRATEGY ALIGNED WITH INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY AND STRONG PROVINCIAL SKILLS FRAMEWORKS 20