Introduction 1

Libertarian Populism: Understanding the Milei Phenomenon 1

Milei’s Right-Wing Populism and Argentina’s Foreign Policy Turn 5

Transnational Linkages in Milei’s Foreign Policy 9

Milei’s Populism and Shared Policy Agendas 13

A High-Risk Realignment 16

Appendix A: Milei’s International Trips, 2023–2025 17

Notes 19