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Latin America and the Caribbean Economic Update, October 2026: Harnessing the AI Transition
(중남미·카리브해 경제 동향 (2026년 10월): AI 전환의 기회 활용)Acknowledgements xi
Executive Summary xiii
Growth Outlook for the Region xviii
Real GDP Growth Rates xviii
Chapter 1 The State of the LAC Region 1
Economic activity: Growth remains moderate, while country paths diverge 3
Reform advances in Argentina 4
Dynamic economies in the LAC region 4
A dual-track outlook in the Caribbean 5
Modest growth elsewhere 5
Navigating global uncertainty: A resilient risk–opportunity profile for LAC 6
A resilient yet constrained recovery: Consumption drivers against modest investment 7
External balances under pressure 8
Households sentiment moderates as corporate caution persists 8
External environment: Easing trade friction, energy volatility, and El Niño headwinds 9
El Niño and regional vulnerability 10
Persistent pressures and monetary policy caution 11
Fiscal challenges amid persistent debt and high interest costs 13
Navigating the energy shock: Market structure and policy responses 15
Financial sector: Non-performing loans remain largely contained despite diverging monetary cycles 16
Caribbean and Central America 16
Labor markets, informality, poverty, and inequality 19
Economic slowdown constricts the decline in poverty 19
Lessons from PISA 2025 21
References 28
Chapter 2. Harnessing the AI Transition 29
Introduction 31
Roadmap of this chapter 32
What AI is and how to measure it 33
Framing AI through LAC’s Structural Lenses 33
The adoption paradox: Fast diffusion meets structural gaps 33
The dual economy ceiling 36
The true cost of adaptation: Organizational capital and the human element 38
Global concentration and strategic assets: Data centers and critical minerals 41
Beyond the Screen: A multidimensional AI taxonomy and the landscape of structural exposure in LAC 43
A multidimensional taxonomy for LAC: Beyond the screen 44
Staggered shocks and LAC’s triple transition 45
The gathering storm 46
Mapping structural exposure: Sectors and skills 48
The income spectrum: Augmentation at the top, vulnerability at the bottom 49
Mapping variations in exposure along the development track within LAC 51
Firm Capabilities and the Innovation Paradox 52
Innovation and technology adoption as major drivers of productivity growth 52
Firm-level adoption of AI technologies 53
Rapid diffusion but shallow adoption 55
What is AI being used for? 56
Which types of firms adopt AI technologies? 58
Knowledge appears to be the biggest barrier to deeper adoption 59
Productivity gains may concentrate in frontier industries and firms 60
The Path Forward: Building State Capability to Make AI Work 60
Government as an anchor client for AI: Attaining readiness before scale 60
Adapting AI to local needs while strengthening cybersecurity governance 65
Managing AI-driven labor market adjustment 71
Toward a coherent AI policy strategy 74
References 75
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Latin America and the Caribbean Economic Update, October 2026: Harnessing the AI Transition
(중남미·카리브해 경제 동향 (2026년 10월): AI 전환의 기회 활용)
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