Foreword 3

Acknowledgements 5

Abbreviations and acronyms 10

Executive summary 12

1 Introduction 14

  References 16

2 Approaches to define rural daily systems 18

  Ideal criteria for a typology defining (rural) daily systems 19

  Evaluation of existing OECD typologies 20

  Comprehensive definitions of daily systems 22

  Daily system definitions using mobile phone data 25

  References 26

  Notes 27

3 Comparing rural daily systems 29

  FRAs are not exclusively rural, and not all rural areas are in FRAs 30

  Many people live and work in the same FRA, but some FRAs have strong commuting links with FUAs 31

  Comparing FRAs with other daily system delineations 36

  Key findings from the comparison of daily systems 43

  References 44

4 Assessing rural daily systems with mobile phone data 46

  Different types of mobile phone data 47

  Assessment criteria 57

  Results 58

  References 62

5 Territorial trends across daily systems 63

  Classification of functional areas by settlement size 64

  Territorial patterns across the urban-rural continuum 66

  References 77

  Notes 77

6 Conclusions 79

Annex A. Labour Market Area delineations 83

Annex B. Additional figures and tables 84

Annex C. KOTI mobile phone data preprocessing 87

Annex D. Cosine similarity between GPS-based and census-based commuting flows 88