Title page 1

Contents 4

About the Authors 5

Acronyms and Abbreviations 5

Executive Summary 6

Introduction 6

Methodology 8

A Historical Perspective on the Process of Seeking Input in the Three Case Studies 9

Summary of Findings 12

Demographics of Respondents 13

Applying the IAP2 Spectrum of Political Participation 17

Final Thoughts and Recommendations 18

Works Cited 20

Tables 10

Table 1. Australia Respondent Breakdown 10

Table 2. US Respondent Breakdown 11

Table 3. Colombia Respondent Breakdown 12

Table 4. Overview of Public Consultation Timelines 16

Table 5. Draft Mapping of Country Responses 18

Figures 8

Figure 1. IAP2 Spectrum of Public Participation 8

Figure 2. Australia Respondent Breakdown 10

Figure 3. US Respondent Breakdown 11

Figure 4. Colombia Respondent Breakdown 12

Figure 5. Self-Identified Areas of Expertise (Colombia) 13