국가전략정보포털

Title page

Contents

Summary 2

Introduction 5

AI Definitions and Terminology 5

Issues for Congress 8

AI Applications for Defense 12

Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance 13

Logistics 13

Cyberspace 14

Command and Control 14

Autonomous Vehicles 15

Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems (LAWS) 16

AI Acquisitions Challenges 17

International Competition 21

China 21

Russia 25

International Institutions 27

AI Opportunities and Challenges 28

Autonomy 28

Speed 30

Scaling 31

Information Superiority 32

Predictability 32

Explainability 35

AI Exploitation 37

AI's Impact on Combat 38

Minimal Impact on Combat 38

Evolutionary Impact on Combat 39

Revolutionary Impact on Combat 40

Author Contact Information 42

Table 1. Taxonomy of Historical AI Definitions 7

Figure 1. Categories of AI Applications 7

Figure 2. Relationships of Selected AI Terminology 8

Figure 3. DOD Spending on AI: FY2012-FY2017 9

Figure 4. Chinese Investment in U.S. AI Companies, 2010-2017 24

Figure 5. Value of Autonomy to DOD Missions 29

Figure 6. Human vs. Machine Decision-making 30

Figure 7. AI and Image Classifying Errors 33

Figure 8. AI and Context 34

Figure 9. Adversarial Images 37