국가전략정보포털

Title page

Contents

Executive Summary 3

Introduction 4

Do Teaching Capacity Gaps Exist? 6

Enrollments Surge 8

Access Restrictions 10

Concerns Among Academics 12

Summary 13

The Causes of Teaching Capacity Gaps 14

Hypothesis #1: Private-Sector Poaching of Professors 14

Hypothesis #2: Limited Inflow from PhD Graduates 16

Hypothesis #3: Universities' Slow Response to Booming Enrollment 19

Summary 22

The Costs of Teaching Capacity Gaps 23

Consequences for Students 23

Consequences for Research 25

Consequences for National Security and the Economy 26

Policy Issues and Options 27

Increasing Funding for Education and Research 27

Encouraging Companies to Support University Teaching 30

Facilitating Access to Government Data and Computational Power 31

Other Policy Areas 32

Conclusion 34

Acknowledgments 35

Appendix A: Open Questions and Future Research 36

Appendix B: CRA Taulbee Survey 39

Appendix C: A Brief History of CS Enrollment Booms and Teaching Capacity 40

Appendix D: Data Tables 42

Endnotes 47

Table 1. Number of Full-Time, Tenure-Track CS Faculty at U.S. Universities by Publication Activity 8

Table 2. Number of Enrollments and Faculty at Computer Science Departments That Responded to the Taulbee Survey 42

Table 3. Reasons Cited by University Departments for Faculty Departures, 2003-2020 43

Table 4. Share of U.S. CS PhD Graduates Going into Academia and Industry, 1999-2019 44

Table 5. Success Rate of CS Faculty Searches, 2006-2020 46

Figure 1. Enrollment and Faculty Numbers for CS Departments in the Taulbee Survey, 2011-2020 9

Figure 2. Measures Implemented or under Consideration at PhD-Granting CS Departments 11

Figure 3. Issues Reported by PhD-Granting CS Departments in the United States 12

Figure 4. Reasons Cited by University Departments for Faculty Departures, 2003-2020 15

Figure 5. Number of CS PhD Graduates by Post-graduation Employment Sector, 1995-2020 17

Figure 6. Career Interests among CS PhD Students Specializing in AI 19

Figure 7. Success Rate of CS Faculty Searches, 2006-2020 20

Figure 8. Change in Average CS Enrollments and Faculty Size, 2011-2020 24

Figure 9. Number of CS Bachelor's Graduates, 1971-2020 40

Boxes

Box 1. Difficulties Defining and Measuring "AI Faculty" 7

Box 2. Funding Instruction versus Funding Research 28