목차
Title page
Contents
Abstract/Résumé 4
Introduction 6
1. Green jobs 7
2. High polluting jobs 11
3. Data 13
4. Green and high-polluting jobs: stylised facts and distributional aspects 14
5. Labour market transitions and displacement risks in the greening economy 24
Conclusions and policy considerations 29
References 31
Appendix 34
Data sources 34
Estimating the number of workers in green and brown jobs 34
Analysing labour market transitions for green and brown jobs workers 35
Sample size 36
Additional stylized facts 38
Table 1. Greenest occupations across European countries, 2019 15
Table 2. High-polluting occupations across European countries 17
Figure 1. Building green scores for European occupations: an overview 9
Figure 2. Mapping and weighing exercise: an example 11
Figure 3. From Eurostat air emission accounts to high-polluting jobs scores across European countries: overview of a new approach 12
Figure 4. Green employment by industry, average across European countries, preliminary estimates, 2019 16
Figure 5. Green and high-polluting jobs across European countries, 2011-2019 18
Figure 6. Green jobs across socioeconomic groups, share of group employment in 2019 20
Figure 7. The prevalence of high-polluting and green jobs in rural and urban areas, 2019 21
Figure 8. Incidence of temporary contracts among workers employed in green and high-polluting jobs, 2019 22
Figure 9. Participation to training among workers employed in green and high-polluting jobs, 2019 23
Figure 10. Share of high-polluting and green jobs across the deciles of the wage distribution, 2015-2019 24
Figure 11. Unemployment to job transitions 25
Figure 12. Study-related inactivity to green jobs transitions, by gender 26
Figure 13. Job to unemployment transitions 27
Figure 14. Job to unemployment transitions, share of rural areas 28
Figure 15. Incidence of long-term unemployment among individuals with previous work experience 29
Table A.1. Data sources 34
Table A.2. Sample size and composition 37
Figure A.1. Transitions from study-related inactivity to high polluting jobs, by gender 38
