- 미래정상회의는 국제 협력을 되살리자는 안토니우 구테흐스 UN사무총장의 제안으로 2021년 처음 시작한 회의체임
- UN 193개 회원국은 미래를 위한 협약 부속문서로 '글로벌 디지털 협약', '미래 세대를 위한 선언'도 함께 채택함
□ 이날 채택된 '미래를 위한 협약'은 다자주의, UN헌장 및 평화 유지 지지에 관한 56개의 행동 강령을 담음
- 특히 UN 안전보장이사회를 비롯해 국제통화기금, 세계은행 등 국제금융기관의 개혁을 요구하고 기후변화 대응, 인공지능 기술 발전에 대한 가이드라인 등을 제시함
- 이 협약은 국제법상 구속력은 없으나 중동, 우크라이나, 수단 등지에서 분쟁이 계속되는 가운데 다수 UN 회원국들이 공유하는 원칙을 재확인했다는 점에서 정치적·외교적인 의미를 지님
□ 이번 협약 초안을 합의하는 과정에서 러시아 등 일부 국가가 일부 문구에 이견을 드러내고 내정 불간섭의 원칙을 강조하는 내용 등을 담을 것을 요구하면서 초안 작성이 지연됐고, 막판까지도 만장일치 채택을 불투명하게 한 것으로 전해짐
[출처] 유엔, 미래를 위한 협약 채택…기후 대응·유엔 개혁 요구 담아 (2024.09.23.) / 연합뉴스
목차
The Pact for the Future 1
I. Sustainable development and financing for development 3
Action 1. We will take bold, ambitious, accelerated, just and transformative actions to implement the 2030 Agenda,
achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and leave no one behind. 4
Action 2. We will place the eradication of poverty at the centre of our efforts to achieve the 2030 Agenda. 4
Action 3. We will end hunger and eliminate food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition. 4
Action 4. We will close the Sustainable Development Goal financing gap in developing countries. 5
Action 5. We will ensure that the multilateral trading system continues to be an engine for sustainable development. 6
Action 6. We will invest in people to end poverty and strengthen trust and social cohesion. 7
Action 7. We will strengthen our efforts to build peaceful, just and inclusive societies for sustainable development,
provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels and uphold human
rights and fundamental freedoms. 7
Action 8. We will achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls as a crucial contribution to
progress across all the Sustainable Development Goals and targets. 8
Action 9. We will strengthen our actions to address climate change. 8
Action 10. We will accelerate our efforts to restore, protect, conserve and sustainably use the environment 10
Action 11. We will protect and promote culture and sport as integral components of sustainable development. 11
Action 12. We will plan for the future and strengthen our collective efforts to turbocharge the full implementation of the
2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development by 2030 and beyond. 12
II. International peace and security 12
Action 13. We will redouble our efforts to build and sustain peaceful, inclusive and just societies and address the root
causes of conflicts. 12
Action 14. We will protect all civilians in armed conflict. 13
Action 15. We will ensure that people affected by humanitarian emergencies receive the support they need. 14
Action 16. We will promote cooperation and understanding between Member States, defuse tensions, seek the pacific
settlement of disputes and resolve conflicts. 14
Action 17. We will fulfil our obligation to comply with the decisions and uphold the mandate of the International Court of
Justice in any case to which our State is a party. 15
Action 18. We will build and sustain peace. 15
Action 19. We will accelerate the implementation of our commitments on women, peace and security. 16
Action 20. We will accelerate the implementation of our commitments on youth, peace and security. 17
Action 21. We will adapt peace operations to better respond to existing challenges and new realities. 17
Action 22. We will address the serious impact of threats to maritime security and safety. 18
Action 23. We will pursue a future free from terrorism. 18
Action 24. We will prevent and combat transnational organized crime and related illicit financial flows. 19
Action 25. We will advance the goal of a world free of nuclear weapons. 19
Action 26. We will uphold our disarmament obligations and commitments. 20
Action 27. We will seize the opportunities associated with new and emerging technologies and address the potential risks
posed by their misuse. 21
III. Science, technology and innovation and digital cooperation 21
Action 28. We will seize the opportunities presented by science, technology and innovation for the benefit of people and
planet 22
Action 29. We will scale up the means of implementation to developing countries to strengthen their science, technology
and innovation capacities 22
Action 30. We will ensure that science, technology and innovation contribute to the full enjoyment of human rights by all 23
Action 31. We will ensure that science, technology and innovation improve gender equality and the lives of all women and
girls 24
Action 32. We will protect, build on and complement Indigenous, traditional and local knowledge. 24
Action 33. We will support the Secretary-General to strengthen the role of the United Nations in supporting international
cooperation in science, technology and innovation 24
IV. Youth and future generations 25
Action 34. We will invest in the social and economic development of children and young people so that they can reach
their full potential. 25
Action 35. We will promote, protect and respect the human rights of all young people and foster social inclusion and
integration. 26
Action 36. We will strengthen meaningful youth participation at the national level. 27
Action 37. We will strengthen meaningful youth participation at the international level. 27
V. Transforming global governance 28
Action 38. We will transform global governance and reinvigorate the multilateral system to tackle the challenges, and
seize the opportunities, of today and tomorrow. 28
Action 39. We will reform the Security Council, recognizing the urgent need to make it more representative, inclusive,
transparent, efficient, effective, democratic and accountable. 29
Action 40. We will strengthen our efforts in the framework of the intergovernmental negotiations on Security Council
reform as a matter of priority and without delay. 29
Action 41. We will strengthen the response of the Security Council for the maintenance of international peace and security
and its relationship with the General Assembly 30
Action 42. We will increase our efforts to revitalize the work of the General Assembly 30
Action 43. We will strengthen the Economic and Social Council to accelerate sustainable development. 31
Action 44. We will strengthen the Peacebuilding Commission. 31
Action 45. We will strengthen the United Nations system 32
Action 46. We will ensure the effective enjoyment by all of all human rights and respond to new and emerging challenges.32
Action 47. We will accelerate reform of the international financial architecture to address the challenges of today and
tomorrow. 33
Action 48. We will accelerate reform of the international financial architecture to strengthen the voice and representation
of developing countries. 33
Action 49. We will accelerate reform of the international financial architecture to mobilize additional financing for the
Sustainable Development Goals, respond to the needs of developing countries and direct financing to those most in need. 34
Action 50. We will accelerate the reform of the international financial architecture so that countries can borrow
sustainably to invest in their long-term development 35
Action 51. We will accelerate the reform of the international financial architecture to strengthen its capacity to support
developing countries more effectively and equitably during systemic shocks and make the financial system more stable. 36
Action 52. We will accelerate the reform of the international financial architecture so that it can meet the urgent challenge
of climate change. 37
Action 53. We will develop a framework on measures of progress on sustainable development to complement and go
beyond gross domestic product. 37
Action 54. We will strengthen the international response to complex global shocks. 38
Action 55. We will strengthen our partnerships to deliver on existing commitments and address new and emerging
challenges. 38
Action 56. We will strengthen international cooperation for the exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes
and for the benefit of all humanity 39
Annex I 40
Global Digital Compact 40
Objectives 40
Principles 41
Commitments and actions 42
Objective 1. Close all digital divides and accelerate progress across the Sustainable Development Goals 42
Objective 2. Expand inclusion in and benefits from the digital economy for all 45
Objective 3. Foster an inclusive, open, safe and secure digital space that respects, protects and promotes human rights 46
Objective 4. Advance responsible, equitable and interoperable data governance approaches 50
Objective 5. Enhance international governance of artificial intelligence for the benefit of humanity 52
Follow-up and review 54
Annex II 56
Declaration on Future Generations 56
Preamble 56
Guiding principles 57
Commitments 58
Actions 60