목차
Title page 1
Contents 6
Foreword 7
Memo to the Presidents of the European Commission, Council and Parliament 10
Memo to the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy 23
Memo to the commissioner responsible for defence 34
Memo to the commissioner responsible for trade 46
Memo to the commissioners responsible for international partnerships and reform of the multilateral development banks 57
Memo to the commissioner responsible for enlargement 69
Memo to the commissioner responsible for the internal market 80
Memo to the commissioner responsible for financial services 91
Memo to the commissioner responsible for competition 102
Memo to the commissioner responsible for research and innovation 113
Memo to the commissioner responsible for digital affairs 123
Memo to the commissioner responsible for employment and social rights 133
Memo to the commissioner responsible for health 145
Memo to the commissioner responsible for migration 156
Memo to the commissioner responsible for energy 167
Memo to the commissioner responsible for climate policy 178
Memo to the commissioner responsible for environment policy 190
Memo to the commissioner responsible for economic and financial affairs 200
Memo to the commissioner responsible for tax policy 212
Memo to the commissioner responsible for the European Union budget 223
Tables 116
Table 1. Sectoral R&D intensity, 2022 116
Figures 40
Memo to the commissioner responsible for defence 40
Figure 1. Defence equipment spending as a % of total defence spending, selected countries 40
Memo to the commissioner responsible for migration 158
Figure 1. Valid residency permits, EU and member states, by reason for issuance, % of total valid permits, end 2021 158
Figure 2. First residency permits issued annually by reason for issuance, EU27, 2013-2022 159
Memo to the commissioner responsible for economic and financial affairs 203
Figure 1. Implementation of European Semester country-specific recommendations 203
Figure 2. Annual average fiscal adjustment requirements under the new fiscal framework (average annual change in the structural primary balance, % of GDP) 205
Memo to the commissioner responsible for the European Union budget 224
Figure 1. Implementation of the EU's annual budgets, % GNI, 2000-2023 224
