Executive summary 1

Introduction 1

The expanding role of the JSDF and JASDF 2

Efforts to secure human resources and the structural challenges ahead 5

Strategic restructuring under manpower constraints 10

Why unmanned systems matter: Tactical effects and strategic utility in modern warfare 11

Reframing force design through labor-saving and unmanned capabilities 13
 1. Optimization of manned aircraft numbers through a force structure centered on uncrewed systems 15
 2. Streamlining and optimizing command structure 16
 3. The multi-skilling of personnel 17
 4. Enhancing base defense functions through advanced technologies 18
 5. Optimizing the number of training aircraft through simulation-driven reform 19

Conclusion 20

Endnotes 21