Foreword 3

Executive summary 4

1 The evolving blue economy 5

1.1 Three sectoral trajectories 7

1.2 Economic and regenerative potential 9

2 Defining and operationalizing the regenerative blue economy 12

2.1 A new operational framework 14

2.2 Classifying actor contributions 14

3 Four levers to unlock a regenerative blue economy 17

Lever 1: Governance 17

Lever 2: Finance 23

Lever 3: Human capacity 28

Lever 4: Technology and artificial intelligence 30

4 Tailwinds and headwinds 33

Conclusion: towards a regenerative blue economy 35

Glossary 37

Contributors 38

Endnotes 40